Screening of Some Apiaceae and Asteraceae Plants for Their Cytotoxic Potential ^†

Abstract

Terpenoids, especially sesquiterpene lactones (SLS) and furanocoumarins are diverse secondary metabolite groups which show a promising efficiency on different cancer cell lines. Therefore the screening of terpenoid and/or coumarin rich palnts from the plant kingdom remains still importance. Breast cancer and lung adenocarcinoma are the most common cancer types leading to cancer-related deaths in the world. To investigate the cytotoxic effects of some Asteraceae plants [Jurinea spec., Ptilostemon spec., Circium spec., Centaurea spec., Tanacetum spec., Tragopogon spec., Pulicaria spec., Cyanus spec.] and Apiaceae [Heracleum spec., Pastinaca spec.] plant extracts, real time cell analyzer xCELLigence system was used. A549 (12.500 cells/well) and MCF-7 (5000 cells/well) cells were seeded in E-plate then approximately 24 h post-seeding when the cells were in the log growth phase, the cells were treated with the samples. Cell viability was observed during 48 h after treatment and IC₅₀ values have been calculated. According to results, Jurinea macrocephala, Tanacetum partheneum and Pulicaria dysenterica MeOH extracts showed significant cytotoxic effects on both two cell lines. The IC₅₀ values of those extracts on MCF-7 cell line were calculated as 17 μg/mL, 21.47 μg/mL and 27.05 μg/mL respectively after the end of the 24 h. To understand the secondary metabolite profiles of the extracts; crude ¹H NMR experiments were performed. For each active extracts the major compounds and/or group of compounds were discussed.