Nitrogen Supplying Capacity of Animal Manures to the Soil in Relation to the Length of Their Storage
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Approach
2.2. Manure Description and Storage
2.3. Soil Used in Incubations
2.4. Manures Used in Incubations
2.5. Nitrogen Mineralization Potential Estimates
2.6. Calculations and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Manure Characteristics in Relation to Storage
3.2. Evolution of Mineral Forms of N during Storage
3.3. Cumulative Mineral N Release after Incubation at Controlled Conditions
3.4. Maximum Net N Mineralization and Immobilization
3.5. Integrated Net N Mineralization and Immobilization
4. Discussion
4.1. Incubations in Soil
4.2. Net N Mineralization and Immobilization
4.3. Effect of Storage
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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pH | EC | Sand | Silt | Clay | CaCO3 | C | N | C:N | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
dS/m | % | % | % | % | % | % | ||||
1 | 7.96 | 0.35 | 49.9 | 33.5 | 16.6 | 0 | 0.83 | 0.09 | 9.6 | 1st rep 0 mons |
2 | 7.75 | 0.56 | 49.9 | 31.5 | 18.6 | 0.2 | 1.11 | 0.11 | 9.7 | 1st rep 3, 6, 9 mons |
3 | 8.06 | 0.3 | 61.9 | 23.5 | 14.6 | 1.7 | 0.91 | 0.08 | 11.7 | 1st rep 12, 2nd rep 0 mons |
4 | 8.04 | 0.51 | 61.9 | 21.5 | 16.6 | 0.4 | 1.16 | 0.10 | 11.5 | 2nd rep 3, 6, mons |
5 | 7.55 | 3.01 | 63.9 | 21.5 | 14.6 | 5.1 | 0.91 | 0.08 | 12.0 | 2nd rep 9, 12 mons |
6 | 7.95 | 0.47 | 64.0 | 19.8 | 16.1 | 12.4 | 0.39 | 0.05 | 8.6 | 3rd rep 0 mons |
7 | 8.11 | 0.36 | 64.0 | 19.8 | 16.1 | 8.1 | 0.66 | 0.06 | 10.5 | 3rd rep 3 mons |
8 | 8.08 | 0.26 | 64.0 | 21.8 | 14.1 | 2.1 | 1.88 | 0.16 | 11.4 | 3rd rep 6 mons |
9 | 8.16 | 0.34 | 60.0 | 23.8 | 16.1 | 19.2 | 0.45 | 0.05 | 9.8 | 3rd rep 9 mons |
10 | 8.17 | 0.28 | 66.0 | 21.8 | 12.1 | 18.8 | 0.40 | 0.04 | 9.1 | 3rd rep 12 mons |
Mos | N (%) | C (%) | C/N | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sheep/Goat | Cattle | Swine | Poultry | Sheep/Goat | Cattle | Swine | Poultry | Sheep/Goat | Cattle | Swine | Poultry | |
0 | 1.45 | 1.99 | 2.02 | 3.89 | 35.3 | 33.1 | 41.4 | 34.6 | 24.3 | 16.7 | 20.5 | 8.9 |
3 | 2.26 | 2.03 | 2.09 | 5.11 | 28.7 | 24.3 | 39.8 | 29.6 | 12.7 | 12.0 | 19.0 | 5.8 |
6 | 1.48 | 1.06 | 2.04 | 5.08 | 28.3 | 23.4 | 35.8 | 19.2 | 19.1 | 22.0 | 17.6 | 3.8 |
9 | 2.51 | 1.99 | 2.30 | 2.56 | 27.0 | 23.2 | 32.5 | 17.3 | 10.8 | 11.6 | 14.1 | 6.8 |
12 | 2.98 | 2.22 | 2.87 | 2.16 | 25.7 | 22.2 | 30.7 | 15.6 | 8.6 | 10.0 | 10.7 | 7.2 |
0 | 2.05 | 1.94 | 1.98 | 2.82 | 32.6 | 28.8 | 38.3 | 27.8 | 15.9 | 14.8 | 19.3 | 9.8 |
3 | 2.20 | 2.52 | 2.07 | 2.79 | 28.2 | 24.0 | 35.0 | 24.5 | 12.8 | 9.5 | 16.9 | 8.8 |
6 | 2.61 | 2.38 | 3.32 | 2.19 | 27.3 | 24.3 | 33.2 | 19.1 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 10.0 | 8.7 |
9 | 2.51 | 2.22 | 2.21 | 2.09 | 25.4 | 21.9 | 27.5 | 16.1 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 12.4 | 7.7 |
12 | 2.68 | 2.26 | 2.30 | 2.46 | 23.2 | 21.1 | 26.3 | 15.3 | 8.7 | 9.3 | 11.4 | 6.2 |
0 | 2.10 | 3.23 | 3.09 | 2.00 | 24.3 | 27.3 | 22.4 | 19.6 | 11.6 | 8.4 | 7.2 | 9.8 |
3 | 2.10 | 2.81 | 3.01 | 1.97 | 28.8 | 26.3 | 22.2 | 13.9 | 13.7 | 9.3 | 7.4 | 7.0 |
6 | 2.12 | 2.91 | 2.51 | 1.87 | 31.5 | 25.5 | 25.6 | 15.0 | 14.9 | 8.8 | 10.2 | 8.0 |
9 | 2.49 | 2.79 | 2.91 | 1.60 | 28.0 | 26.3 | 25.7 | 12.7 | 11.2 | 9.4 | 8.8 | 7.9 |
12 | 2.45 | 2.07 | 2.77 | 2.12 | 25.1 | 26.9 | 23.3 | 15.0 | 10.2 | 13.0 | 8.4 | 7.1 |
pH (1:5) | Water Content | |||||||||||
0 | 8.88 | 9.12 | 7.10 | 7.73 | 18.2 | 31.3 | 9.8 | 13.1 | 23.2 | 42.7 | 57.6 | 24.4 |
3 | 8.90 | 9.16 | 7.09 | 7.78 | 21.3 | 34.0 | 11.9 | 16.9 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 11.9 | 15.5 |
6 | 8.99 | 9.10 | 7.15 | 7.51 | 19.1 | 39.3 | 9.4 | 17.5 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 13.3 | 9.9 |
9 | 8.92 | 9.15 | 7.65 | 9.19 | 29.1 | 55.3 | 25.0 | 69.9 | 29.8 | 49.1 | 41.7 | 33.1 |
12 | 8.20 | 8.29 | 6.51 | 9.55 | 38.4 | 60.6 | 41.4 | 67.5 | 43.7 | 43.9 | 56.2 | 28.2 |
0 | 8.89 | 9.01 | 7.8 | 7.91 | 26.5 | 35.0 | 6.7 | 36.8 | 9.3 | 26.3 | 26.5 | 20.1 |
3 | 9.20 | 8.91 | 7.16 | 8.38 | 30.5 | 41.6 | 14.3 | 45.2 | 29.5 | 37.8 | 24.8 | 16.1 |
6 | 8.01 | 8.06 | 5.92 | 8.94 | 48.1 | 52.5 | 41.0 | 74.4 | 48.5 | 43.5 | 58.5 | 24.3 |
9 | 8.50 | 8.66 | 7.25 | 9.01 | 41.5 | 43.1 | 26.7 | 61.8 | 34.1 | 19.2 | 23.3 | 20.2 |
12 | 8.11 | 8.56 | 7.03 | 8.97 | 41.2 | 59.8 | 32.8 | 68.5 | 31.2 | 24.2 | 9.6 | 20.8 |
0 | 8.98 | 8.99 | 6.47 | 9.31 | 35.6 | 36.1 | 38.9 | 60.4 | 21.9 | 43.7 | 45.1 | 68.6 |
3 | 8.97 | 8.93 | 6.45 | 9.13 | 27.6 | 33.3 | 47.1 | 75.8 | 19.3 | 30.7 | 36.9 | 24.1 |
6 | 8.78 | 8.9 | 7.14 | 9.2 | 27.8 | 35.0 | 38.8 | 71.7 | 11.7 | 14.9 | 14.0 | 11.9 |
9 | 8.87 | 8.99 | 6.79 | 9.05 | 34.9 | 42.2 | 36.8 | 73.0 | 8.1 | 11.5 | 9.1 | 10.7 |
12 | 8.90 | 8.88 | 6.59 | 9.03 | 39.7 | 43.1 | 41.4 | 72.4 | 10.7 | 7.2 | 9.3 | 8.7 |
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Dalias, P.; Christou, A. Nitrogen Supplying Capacity of Animal Manures to the Soil in Relation to the Length of Their Storage. Nitrogen 2020, 1, 52-66. https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen1010006
Dalias P, Christou A. Nitrogen Supplying Capacity of Animal Manures to the Soil in Relation to the Length of Their Storage. Nitrogen. 2020; 1(1):52-66. https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen1010006
Chicago/Turabian StyleDalias, Panagiotis, and Anastasis Christou. 2020. "Nitrogen Supplying Capacity of Animal Manures to the Soil in Relation to the Length of Their Storage" Nitrogen 1, no. 1: 52-66. https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen1010006