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Article

New Frontiers of Fractal Uncertainty

by
Saeed Hashemi Sababe
1,* and
Ismail Nikoufar
2,*
1
Data Premier Analytics, Edmonton, AB T8H-0L6, Canada
2
Department of Mathematics, Payame Noor University, Tehran 19395-4697, Iran
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Fractal Fract. 2025, 9(12), 808; https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract9120808
Submission received: 5 October 2025 / Revised: 6 November 2025 / Accepted: 26 November 2025 / Published: 9 December 2025

Abstract

We extend the classical fractal uncertainty principle (FUP) framework in time-frequency analysis by exploring several novel directions. First, we generalize the FUP beyond the classical Gaussian window by investigating non-Gaussian windows and the corresponding generalized Fock space techniques. Second, we develop uncertainty estimates in alternative joint representations, including the continuous wavelet transform and directional representations such as shearlets. Third, we study fractal uncertainty on random and anisotropic fractal sets, providing probabilistic and geometric refinements of the FUP. Fourth, we connect these results with semiclassical and microlocal analysis, thereby elucidating the role of fractal geometry in resonance theory and pseudodifferential operators. Finally, we extend the analysis beyond Gaussian Gabor multipliers by considering non-Gaussian generating functions and irregular lattice samplings. Our results yield new operator norm estimates and spectral properties, with potential applications in signal processing, quantum mechanics, and numerical analysis.
Keywords: fractal uncertainty principle; non-Gaussian window; time-frequency analysis; wavelet transform; random fractals; anisotropic fractals; semiclassical analysis; microlocal analysis; Gabor multipliers; Toeplitz operators fractal uncertainty principle; non-Gaussian window; time-frequency analysis; wavelet transform; random fractals; anisotropic fractals; semiclassical analysis; microlocal analysis; Gabor multipliers; Toeplitz operators

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hashemi Sababe, S.; Nikoufar, I. New Frontiers of Fractal Uncertainty. Fractal Fract. 2025, 9, 808. https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract9120808

AMA Style

Hashemi Sababe S, Nikoufar I. New Frontiers of Fractal Uncertainty. Fractal and Fractional. 2025; 9(12):808. https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract9120808

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hashemi Sababe, Saeed, and Ismail Nikoufar. 2025. "New Frontiers of Fractal Uncertainty" Fractal and Fractional 9, no. 12: 808. https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract9120808

APA Style

Hashemi Sababe, S., & Nikoufar, I. (2025). New Frontiers of Fractal Uncertainty. Fractal and Fractional, 9(12), 808. https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract9120808

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