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Volume 9
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Article

Green Corridor Along the Chili River as an Ecosystem-Based Strategy for Social Connectivity and Ecological Resilience in Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru, 2025

by
Doris Esenarro
1,2,
Luz Karelly Montenegro
1,
Christian Medina
1,
Jesica Vilchez Cairo
1,2,*,
Alberto Israel Legua Terry
3,
Maria Veliz Garagatti
3,
Geoffrey Wigberto Salas Delgado
4 and
Mónica María Escate Lira
5
1
Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Ricardo Palma University (URP), Santiago de Surco, Lima 15039, Peru
2
Research Laboratory for Formative Investigation and Architectural Innovation (LABIFIARQ), Ricardo Palma University (URP), Santiago de Surco, Lima 15039, Peru
3
Faculty of Geographical, Environmental and Ecotourism Engineering (FIGAE), Federico Villareal National University (UNFV), Cercado de Lima, Lima 15082, Peru
4
Postgraduate University School (EUPG), Federico Villarreal National University (UNFV), Cercado de Lima, Lima 15001, Peru
5
School of Civil Engineering, Ricardo Palma University (URP), Santiago de Surco, Lima 15039, Peru
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Urban Sci. 2025, 9(11), 488; https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci9110488
Submission received: 6 October 2025 / Revised: 10 November 2025 / Accepted: 12 November 2025 / Published: 18 November 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrating Ecosystem Services into Urban Planning: A Novel Approach for Natural Resources Management in Metropolitan Areas)
Versions Notes

Abstract

In recent decades, accelerated urban growth in Arequipa has led to the loss of more than 40% of riparian vegetation and increased ecological fragmentation in the Chili River valley. This transformation has degraded water quality and limited equitable access to green and public spaces. Therefore, this research aims to design a Green Corridor along the Chili River as an ecosystem-based strategy to enhance social connectivity and ecological resilience in Arequipa, Peru. The methodology combined an extensive literature review, a comparative analysis of international case studies, and a territorial diagnosis supported by geospatial and climatic data. The process is supported by digital tools such as Google Earth Pro 2025, AutoCAD 2024, SketchUp Pro 2023, and solar simulations with Ladybug-Grasshopper, complemented by data from SENAMHI, SINIA, and the Solar Atlas of Peru. The results propose a resilient green corridor integrating passive and active sustainability strategies, including 40 photovoltaic panels, 44 solar luminaires, biodigesters producing between 90 and 150 kWh per month, and phytotechnologies capable of absorbing 75,225 kg of CO2 annually, based on WHO conversion factors adapted to high-altitude conditions. The proposal employs eco-efficient materials such as reforested eucalyptus wood and volcanic sillar, creating recreational and productive spaces that promote social cohesion and circular economy. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of ecosystem-based design to regenerate arid urban riverbanks, harmonizing environmental sustainability, social inclusion, and cultural identity. Thus, the Chili River corridor is consolidated as a replicable model of green-blue infrastructure for Andean cities, aligned with Sustainable Development Goals 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, and 15.
Keywords: ecosystem services; urban planning; green corridor; chili river; ecological resilience; social connectivity; sustainable urbanism; eco-friendly materials ecosystem services; urban planning; green corridor; chili river; ecological resilience; social connectivity; sustainable urbanism; eco-friendly materials

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MDPI and ACS Style

Esenarro, D.; Montenegro, L.K.; Medina, C.; Cairo, J.V.; Legua Terry, A.I.; Veliz Garagatti, M.; Salas Delgado, G.W.; Escate Lira, M.M. Green Corridor Along the Chili River as an Ecosystem-Based Strategy for Social Connectivity and Ecological Resilience in Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru, 2025. Urban Sci. 2025, 9, 488. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci9110488

AMA Style

Esenarro D, Montenegro LK, Medina C, Cairo JV, Legua Terry AI, Veliz Garagatti M, Salas Delgado GW, Escate Lira MM. Green Corridor Along the Chili River as an Ecosystem-Based Strategy for Social Connectivity and Ecological Resilience in Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru, 2025. Urban Science. 2025; 9(11):488. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci9110488

Chicago/Turabian Style

Esenarro, Doris, Luz Karelly Montenegro, Christian Medina, Jesica Vilchez Cairo, Alberto Israel Legua Terry, Maria Veliz Garagatti, Geoffrey Wigberto Salas Delgado, and Mónica María Escate Lira. 2025. "Green Corridor Along the Chili River as an Ecosystem-Based Strategy for Social Connectivity and Ecological Resilience in Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru, 2025" Urban Science 9, no. 11: 488. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci9110488

APA Style

Esenarro, D., Montenegro, L. K., Medina, C., Cairo, J. V., Legua Terry, A. I., Veliz Garagatti, M., Salas Delgado, G. W., & Escate Lira, M. M. (2025). Green Corridor Along the Chili River as an Ecosystem-Based Strategy for Social Connectivity and Ecological Resilience in Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru, 2025. Urban Science, 9(11), 488. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci9110488

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