Changes in Tonic Alertness but Not Voluntary Temporal Preparation Modulate the Attention Elicited by Task-Relevant Gaze and Arrow Cues
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Measuring Attentional Effects
1.1.1. Tonic Alertness
1.1.2. Voluntary Temporal Preparation
1.2. Effects of Tonic Alertness and Voluntary Temporal Preparation on Attentional Orienting
1.3. The Present Study
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Apparatus and Stimuli
2.3. Design
2.4. Procedure
3. Results
3.1. Omnibus ANOVA
3.2. Follow-Up Analyses
4. Discussion
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Target Present | No Target | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cue–target time | 100 ms | 375 ms | 650 ms | 925 ms | |||||
cued | uncued | cued | uncued | cued | uncued | cued | uncued | ||
High Alertness | |||||||||
Aging | 192 | 64 | 192 | 64 | 192 | 64 | 192 | 64 | 64 |
Nonaging | 384 | 128 | 192 | 64 | 96 | 32 | 48 | 16 | 64 |
Low Alertness | |||||||||
Aging | 240 | 80 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 240 | 80 | 216 |
Nonaging | 336 | 112 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 168 | 56 | 224 |
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Hayward, D.A.; Ristic, J. Changes in Tonic Alertness but Not Voluntary Temporal Preparation Modulate the Attention Elicited by Task-Relevant Gaze and Arrow Cues. Vision 2018, 2, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision2020018
Hayward DA, Ristic J. Changes in Tonic Alertness but Not Voluntary Temporal Preparation Modulate the Attention Elicited by Task-Relevant Gaze and Arrow Cues. Vision. 2018; 2(2):18. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision2020018
Chicago/Turabian StyleHayward, Dana A., and Jelena Ristic. 2018. "Changes in Tonic Alertness but Not Voluntary Temporal Preparation Modulate the Attention Elicited by Task-Relevant Gaze and Arrow Cues" Vision 2, no. 2: 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision2020018