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Article

A Numerical Study on the Crashworthiness of Corrugated Conical Tubes with Small Semi-Apical Angles and Their Influence Mechanism

by
Yiheng Song
,
Qinyu Lin
,
Jinxiang Chen
* and
Tidong Zhao
School of Civil Engineering, Key Laboratory of Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Structures of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomimetics 2025, 10(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10010029
Submission received: 11 December 2024 / Revised: 27 December 2024 / Accepted: 31 December 2024 / Published: 6 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Energy-Absorbing Materials or Structures)
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Abstract

To develop a new type of biomimetic single-cell and multi-cell energy-absorbing box (tube) featuring conical tubes at the intersection of cell walls, it is necessary to address the issue of large bottom-space requirements in current conical energy-absorbing tubes with superior crashworthiness due to their large semi-apical angles. This study proposes adding corrugations to conical tubes with small semi-apical angles and modifying the bottom by replacing the last one or two inclined corrugations with vertical ones. Finite element simulation results show that, compared to conventional conical tubes, adding corrugations reduces the optimal semi-apical angle of conical tubes by 5°, with the optimal range being 5–10°. Furthermore, the modification method of replacing inclined corrugations with vertical ones effectively mitigates the challenges of increasing peak crushing force and large end-peak crushing force as the semi-apical angle increases. This structural optimization lays a foundation for the development of new biomimetic single-cell and multi-cell energy-absorbing boxes (tubes) incorporating conical tubes.
Keywords: biomimetic; energy absorption; crashworthiness; semi-apical angle; corrugation biomimetic; energy absorption; crashworthiness; semi-apical angle; corrugation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Song, Y.; Lin, Q.; Chen, J.; Zhao, T. A Numerical Study on the Crashworthiness of Corrugated Conical Tubes with Small Semi-Apical Angles and Their Influence Mechanism. Biomimetics 2025, 10, 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10010029

AMA Style

Song Y, Lin Q, Chen J, Zhao T. A Numerical Study on the Crashworthiness of Corrugated Conical Tubes with Small Semi-Apical Angles and Their Influence Mechanism. Biomimetics. 2025; 10(1):29. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10010029

Chicago/Turabian Style

Song, Yiheng, Qinyu Lin, Jinxiang Chen, and Tidong Zhao. 2025. "A Numerical Study on the Crashworthiness of Corrugated Conical Tubes with Small Semi-Apical Angles and Their Influence Mechanism" Biomimetics 10, no. 1: 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10010029

APA Style

Song, Y., Lin, Q., Chen, J., & Zhao, T. (2025). A Numerical Study on the Crashworthiness of Corrugated Conical Tubes with Small Semi-Apical Angles and Their Influence Mechanism. Biomimetics, 10(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10010029

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