Conversion of Spent Coffee Beans to Electrode Material for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Preparation of Biochar and Activated Carbon
2.2. Characterization of Carbon Properties
2.3. Electrochemical Characterization of Carbon Material Based Electrodes
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Carbon Properties
3.2. Electrochemical Characterization
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Yield (%) | Burn-Off (%) | Micropore Volume (mL g−1) | Total Pore Volume (mL g−1) | BET Specific Surface Area (m2 g−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BC | 26.1 | 0 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <1 |
AC1 | 20.5 | 21 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 541 |
AC2 | 11.8 | 55 | 0.47 | 0.55 | 817 |
AC3 | 5.9 | 77 | 0.60 | 0.75 | 1113 |
Sample | C | H | N | Ash |
---|---|---|---|---|
Spent coffee beans | 54.5 | 8.9 | 1.8 | - |
BC | 81.2 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 5.7 |
AC1 | 82.3 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 3.3 |
AC2 | 83.0 | 2.9 | 1.0 | 3.9 |
AC3 | 83.1 | 2.4 | 0.7 | 4.8 |
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Krikstolaityte, V.; Joshua, O.E.Y.; Veksha, A.; Wai, N.; Lisak, G.; Lim, T.M. Conversion of Spent Coffee Beans to Electrode Material for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. Batteries 2018, 4, 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries4040056
Krikstolaityte V, Joshua OEY, Veksha A, Wai N, Lisak G, Lim TM. Conversion of Spent Coffee Beans to Electrode Material for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. Batteries. 2018; 4(4):56. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries4040056
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrikstolaityte, Vida, Oh En Yao Joshua, Andrei Veksha, Nyunt Wai, Grzegorz Lisak, and Tuti Mariana Lim. 2018. "Conversion of Spent Coffee Beans to Electrode Material for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries" Batteries 4, no. 4: 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries4040056