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Volume 11
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10.3390/batteries11030115
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Article

Improved Self-Assembled Silicon-Based Graphite Composite Anodes for Commercially Viable High-Energy-Density Lithium-Ion Batteries

by
Ruye Cong
1,
Da-Eun Jeong
2,
Ye-Yeong Jung
2,
Hyun-Ho Park
2,
Jiyun Jeon
3,
Hochun Lee
3 and
Chang-Seop Lee
2,*
1
School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China
2
Department of Chemistry, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
3
Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Batteries 2025, 11(3), 115; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11030115
Submission received: 11 February 2025 / Revised: 11 March 2025 / Accepted: 18 March 2025 / Published: 20 March 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Batteries: Design, Preparation, Reaction Mechanisms of Electrode Materials, and Battery Life Evaluation)
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Abstract

Silicon-based anode materials are used to improve the performance of next-generation high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the inherent limitations and cost of these materials are hindering their mass production. Commercial graphite can overcome the shortcomings of silicon-based materials and partially reduce their cost. In this study, a high-performance, low-cost, and environmentally friendly composite electrode material suitable for mass production was developed through optimizing the silicon content of commercial silicon–graphite composites and introducing a small amount of graphene and carbon nanofibers. This partially overcomes the inherent limitations of silicon, enhances the interface stability of silicon-based materials and the cycle stability of batteries, and reduces the irreversible capacity loss of the initial cycle. At a silicon content of 15 wt%, the initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of the battery was 65%. Reducing the silicon content in the composite electrode from 15% to 10% increased the ICE to 70% and improved the first lithiation and delithiation capacities. The battery exhibited excellent cycle stability at a current density of 0.1 A g−1, retaining approximately 65% of its capacity after 100 cycles, good performance at various current densities (0.1–1 A g−1), and an excellent reversible performance.
Keywords: lithium-ion batteries; silicon; graphite; anode materials; commercialization lithium-ion batteries; silicon; graphite; anode materials; commercialization

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cong, R.; Jeong, D.-E.; Jung, Y.-Y.; Park, H.-H.; Jeon, J.; Lee, H.; Lee, C.-S. Improved Self-Assembled Silicon-Based Graphite Composite Anodes for Commercially Viable High-Energy-Density Lithium-Ion Batteries. Batteries 2025, 11, 115. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11030115

AMA Style

Cong R, Jeong D-E, Jung Y-Y, Park H-H, Jeon J, Lee H, Lee C-S. Improved Self-Assembled Silicon-Based Graphite Composite Anodes for Commercially Viable High-Energy-Density Lithium-Ion Batteries. Batteries. 2025; 11(3):115. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11030115

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cong, Ruye, Da-Eun Jeong, Ye-Yeong Jung, Hyun-Ho Park, Jiyun Jeon, Hochun Lee, and Chang-Seop Lee. 2025. "Improved Self-Assembled Silicon-Based Graphite Composite Anodes for Commercially Viable High-Energy-Density Lithium-Ion Batteries" Batteries 11, no. 3: 115. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11030115

APA Style

Cong, R., Jeong, D.-E., Jung, Y.-Y., Park, H.-H., Jeon, J., Lee, H., & Lee, C.-S. (2025). Improved Self-Assembled Silicon-Based Graphite Composite Anodes for Commercially Viable High-Energy-Density Lithium-Ion Batteries. Batteries, 11(3), 115. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11030115

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