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Horticulturae
Volume 11
Issue 7
10.3390/horticulturae11070741
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Balanced Fertilization with Nitrogen, Molybdenum, and Zinc: Key to Optimizing Pecan Tree Yield and Quality of Western Schley Pecan Tree

by
Laura R. Orozco-Meléndez
,
Linda C. Noperi-Mosqueda
,
Julio C. Oviedo-Mireles
,
Nubia G. Torres-Beltrán
,
Rosa M. Yáñez-Muñoz
and
Juan M. Soto-Parra
*
Faculty of Agrotechnological Sciences, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, University City, s/n, C.P. Chihuahua 31160, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Horticulturae 2025, 11(7), 741; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11070741 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 20 May 2025 / Revised: 24 June 2025 / Accepted: 25 June 2025 / Published: 27 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineral Nutrition of Plants)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of soil and foliar fertilization with nitrogen (N), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), and their combination (Zn-Mo) on nutrition, enzymatic activity, photosynthetic pigments, and productive parameters in the Western Schley pecan tree. An orthogonal Taguchi L16 design was used with differentiated soil and foliar nitrate concentrations, reaching an average of 1557.7 mg kg−1, and increasing up to 1907 mg kg−1 depending on the fertilization dose. Nitrate reductase activity (NRNO3−) significantly increased with N and Mo applications, reaching a maximum of 13.62 µmol. Among photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll a was the only variable with a significant response, highlighting the role of Mo in its enhancement. Positive effects were also observed on pomological traits such as yield (up to 425 kg ha−1), nut weight, and kernel percentage with increased doses of N and Mo. In conclusion, combined fertilization improved the nutritional status, physiological responses, and productivity of pecan trees, emphasizing the importance of balanced nutrient management to avoid nutritional antagonisms and to optimize both yield and fruit quality.
Keywords: mineral nutrition; enzymatic activity; photosynthetic pigments; pomological parameters; Carya illinoensis mineral nutrition; enzymatic activity; photosynthetic pigments; pomological parameters; Carya illinoensis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Orozco-Meléndez, L.R.; Noperi-Mosqueda, L.C.; Oviedo-Mireles, J.C.; Torres-Beltrán, N.G.; Yáñez-Muñoz, R.M.; Soto-Parra, J.M. Balanced Fertilization with Nitrogen, Molybdenum, and Zinc: Key to Optimizing Pecan Tree Yield and Quality of Western Schley Pecan Tree. Horticulturae 2025, 11, 741. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11070741

AMA Style

Orozco-Meléndez LR, Noperi-Mosqueda LC, Oviedo-Mireles JC, Torres-Beltrán NG, Yáñez-Muñoz RM, Soto-Parra JM. Balanced Fertilization with Nitrogen, Molybdenum, and Zinc: Key to Optimizing Pecan Tree Yield and Quality of Western Schley Pecan Tree. Horticulturae. 2025; 11(7):741. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11070741

Chicago/Turabian Style

Orozco-Meléndez, Laura R., Linda C. Noperi-Mosqueda, Julio C. Oviedo-Mireles, Nubia G. Torres-Beltrán, Rosa M. Yáñez-Muñoz, and Juan M. Soto-Parra. 2025. "Balanced Fertilization with Nitrogen, Molybdenum, and Zinc: Key to Optimizing Pecan Tree Yield and Quality of Western Schley Pecan Tree" Horticulturae 11, no. 7: 741. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11070741

APA Style

Orozco-Meléndez, L. R., Noperi-Mosqueda, L. C., Oviedo-Mireles, J. C., Torres-Beltrán, N. G., Yáñez-Muñoz, R. M., & Soto-Parra, J. M. (2025). Balanced Fertilization with Nitrogen, Molybdenum, and Zinc: Key to Optimizing Pecan Tree Yield and Quality of Western Schley Pecan Tree. Horticulturae, 11(7), 741. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11070741

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