Lycosin-II Exhibits Antifungal Activity and Inhibits Dual-Species Biofilm by Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Peptide Synthesis, Purification, and Mass Analysis
2.3. Antifungal Activity
2.4. Time-Kill Kinetics Assay
2.5. Membrane Depolarization Assay
2.6. PI Uptake Assay
2.7. SYTOX Green Uptake Assay
2.8. Measurement of ROS
2.9. Analysis of the Effect of NAC on the Antifungal Activity of Lycosin-II
2.10. Biofilm Inhibition Assays
2.11. Determination of C. albicans and S. aureus Viability in a Dual-Species Biofilm
2.12. Visualization of the Biofilm
2.13. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Antifungal Activity against C. albicans
3.2. Membrane Potential Levels of C. albicans
3.3. Effect of Lycosin-II on Membrane Integrity
3.4. Antifungal Activity against C. albicans
3.5. Inhibitory Effects of Lycosin-II on Biofilm
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Strains | MIC (μM) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Lycosin-II | Melittin | Fluconazole | Amphotericin B | |
C. albicans (KCTC * 7270) | 2 | 2 | 16 | 1 |
C. albicans (CCARM * 14001) | 2 | 2 | >32 | 0.5 |
C. albicans (CCARM 14004) | 2 | 4 | >32 | 0.5 |
C. albicans (CCARM 14020) | 2 | 2 | >32 | 1 |
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Park, J.; Kim, H.; Kang, H.-K.; Choi, M.-C.; Park, Y. Lycosin-II Exhibits Antifungal Activity and Inhibits Dual-Species Biofilm by Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. J. Fungi 2022, 8, 901. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8090901
Park J, Kim H, Kang H-K, Choi M-C, Park Y. Lycosin-II Exhibits Antifungal Activity and Inhibits Dual-Species Biofilm by Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Fungi. 2022; 8(9):901. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8090901
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Jonggwan, Hyeongsun Kim, Hee-Kyoung Kang, Moon-Chang Choi, and Yoonkyung Park. 2022. "Lycosin-II Exhibits Antifungal Activity and Inhibits Dual-Species Biofilm by Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus" Journal of Fungi 8, no. 9: 901. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8090901