How Has the Aspergillosis Case Fatality Rate Changed over the Last Two Decades in Spain?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population and Data Source
2.2. Selection of Aspergillosis Patients
2.3. Data Analysis
2.4. Ethics Statement
3. Results
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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TOTAL, n (%) N = 32,960 Cases (100%) | Deaths, n (%) N1 = 8080 (24.5%) | Survivors, n (%) N2 = 24,880 Cases (75.5%) | p-Value | OR (95% CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean ± SD | 61.1 ± 19.1 | 64.1 ± 17.2 | 60.2 ± 19.6 | <0.001 | |
<15 years | 1009 (3.1) | 154 (1.9) | 855 (3.4) | <0.001 * | |
15–44 years | 4753 (14.4) | 861 (10.7) | 3892 (15.6) | ||
45–64 years | 9921 (30.1) | 2331 (28.8) | 7590 (30.5) | ||
65–74 years | 8437 (25.6) | 2237 (27.7) | 6200 (24.9) | ||
≥75 years | 8840 (26.8) | 2497 (30.9) | 6343 (25.5) | ||
Gender | |||||
Male | 22,383 (67.9) | 5739 (71.0) | 16,643 (66.9) | <0.001 * | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) |
Female | 10,577 (32.1) | 2341 (29.0) | 8236 (33.1) | ||
Diagnosis causing hospitalization | |||||
Principal diagnosis | 6574 (19.9) | 1496 (18.5) | 5078 (20.4) | <0.001 * | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) |
Secondary diagnosis | 26,386 (80.1) | 6584 (81.5) | 19,802 (79.6) | ||
Process type | |||||
Medical | 21,728 (65.9) | 4724 (58.5) | 17,004 (68.3) | <0.001 * | 0.6 (0.6–0.7) |
Surgical | 4474 (13.6) | 1368 (16.9) | 3105 (12.5) | ||
Unclassified | 6758 (20.5) | 1987 (24.6) | 4771 (19.2) | ||
Hospital stays (days), mean ± SD | 26.8 ± 26.9 | 32.2 ± 29.4 | 25.0± 25.8 | <0.001 ** |
No. Cases | No. Deaths | CFR (Percent) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Solid organ transplant | 232 | 59 | 25.4 | |
Stem cell transplantation | 632 | 171 | 27.1 | |
HIV | 944 | 257 | 27.2 | |
Neutropenia | 2668 | 650 | 24.4 | |
Respiratory disease | 19,118 | 4533 | 23.7 | |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | 9101 | 1233 | 13.5 | |
Influenza/ Pneumonia | 2999 | 1262 | 42.1 | |
COPD & Influenza/Pneumonia | 3297 | 1069 | 32.5 | |
Other respiratory disease | 3721 | 969 | 26.0 | |
Neoplasms | 3368 | 570 | 16.9 | |
Hematology neoplasms | 2477 | 396 | 16.0 | |
Non-Hematology neoplasms | 727 | 144 | 19.8 | |
Hematology & Non-Hematology neoplasms | 164 | 30 | 18.3 | |
Neoplasms & respiratory disease | 7761 | 2658 | 34.2 | |
Hematology neoplasms & | COPD | 472 | 123 | 26.1 |
Influenza and Pneumonia | 2250 | 807 | 35.9 | |
COPD & Influenza and Pneumonia | 263 | 96 | 36.5 | |
Other respiratory disease | 1319 | 498 | 37,7 | |
Non-Hematology neoplasms & | COPD | 1144 | 249 | 21.8 |
Influenza and Pneumonia | 789 | 338 | 42.8 | |
COPD & Influenza and Pneumonia | 448 | 156 | 34.8 | |
Other respiratory disease | 799 | 302 | 37.8 | |
Hematology & Non-Hematology neoplasms & | COPD | 39 | 7 | 17.9 |
Influenza and Pneumonia | 137 | 46 | 33.6 | |
COPD & Influenza and Pneumonia | 30 | 8 | 26.7 | |
Other respiratory disease | 71 | 28 | 39.4 | |
Other diagnosis | 2713 | 319 | 11.8 | |
Critical Care Unit * | 1981 | 1872 | 94.5 | |
Patient with respiratory disease | 1299 | 1224 | 94.2 | |
Patient with neoplasms | 39 | 36 | 92.3 | |
Patient with neoplasms & respiratory disease | 572 | 551 | 96.3 | |
Patient with other diagnosis | 71 | 61 | 85.9 | |
Transplant Unit | 468 | 39 | 8.3 | |
TOTAL | 32,960 | 8080 | 24.5 |
Dependent Variable: Exitus Letalis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Independent Variables | Sig. | Exp(B) | 95% CI EXP(B) | |
Lower | Upper | |||
Sex | 0.000 | 1.243 | 1.167 | 1.325 |
Age | 0.000 | 1.882 | 1.766 | 2.006 |
Hematology neoplasms | 0.000 | 1.490 | 1.380 | 1.608 |
Non-Hematology neoplasms | 0.000 | 1.508 | 1.393 | 1.633 |
Influenza/Pneumonia | 0.000 | 2.133 | 2.012 | 2.262 |
COPD | 0.000 | 0.660 | 0.619 | 0.705 |
HIV | 0.000 | 1.357 | 1.143 | 1.610 |
Neutropenia | 0.051 | 0.789 | 0.705 | 0.884 |
ICU | 0.000 | 68.228 | 55.742 | 83.510 |
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González-García, P.; Alonso-Sardón, M.; Rodríguez-Alonso, B.; Almeida, H.; Romero-Alegría, Á.; Vega-Rodríguez, V.-J.; López-Bernús, A.; Muñoz-Bellido, J.L.; Muro, A.; Pardo-Lledías, J.; et al. How Has the Aspergillosis Case Fatality Rate Changed over the Last Two Decades in Spain? J. Fungi 2022, 8, 576. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8060576
González-García P, Alonso-Sardón M, Rodríguez-Alonso B, Almeida H, Romero-Alegría Á, Vega-Rodríguez V-J, López-Bernús A, Muñoz-Bellido JL, Muro A, Pardo-Lledías J, et al. How Has the Aspergillosis Case Fatality Rate Changed over the Last Two Decades in Spain? Journal of Fungi. 2022; 8(6):576. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8060576
Chicago/Turabian StyleGonzález-García, Pablo, Montserrat Alonso-Sardón, Beatriz Rodríguez-Alonso, Hugo Almeida, Ángela Romero-Alegría, Víctor-José Vega-Rodríguez, Amparo López-Bernús, Juan Luis Muñoz-Bellido, Antonio Muro, Javier Pardo-Lledías, and et al. 2022. "How Has the Aspergillosis Case Fatality Rate Changed over the Last Two Decades in Spain?" Journal of Fungi 8, no. 6: 576. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8060576