Neopestalotiopsis Species Associated with Flower Diseases of Macadamia integrifolia in Australia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Collection and Isolation
2.2. Cultural and Morphological Studies
2.3. DNA Extraction, PCR Amplification, and Sequencing
2.4. Phylogenetic Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Phylogenetic Analyses
3.2. Taxonomy
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Hardner, C.M.; Peace, C.; Lowe, A.J.; Neal, J.; Pisanu, P.; Powell, M.; Schmidt, A.; Spain, C.; Williams, K. Genetic resources and domestication of macadamia. In Horticultural Reviews; Janick, J., Ed.; John Wiley: New York, NY, USA, 2009; pp. 1–125. [Google Scholar]
- Garg, M.L.; Blake, R.J.; Wills, R.B.; Clayton, E.H. Macadamia nut consumption modulates favourably risk factors for coronary artery disease in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Lipids 2007, 42, 583–587. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jeff-Ego, O.S.; Akinsanmi, O.A. Botryosphaeriaceae causing branch dieback and tree death of macadamia in Australia. Australas. Plant Pathol. 2019, 48, 59–64. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jeff-Ego, O.S.; Drenth, A.; Topp, B.; Henderson, J.; Akinsanmi, O.A. Prevalence of Phytophthora species in macadamia orchards in Australia and their ability to cause stem canker. Plant Pathol. 2020, 69, 1270–1280. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Prasannath, K.; Galea, V.J.; Akinsanmi, O.A. Characterisation of leaf spots caused by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora and Colletotrichum siamense in macadamia in Australia. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 2020, 156, 1219–1225. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Akinsanmi, O.A.; Drenth, A. Economic returns from fungicide application to control husk spot of macadamia in Australia is influenced by spray efficiency, rates and costs of application. Crop Prot. 2012, 41, 35–41. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Akinsanmi, O.A.; Drenth, A. Characterisation of husk rot in macadamia. Ann. Appl. Biol. 2017, 170, 104–115. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Akinsanmi, O.A.; Nisa, S.; Jeff-Ego, O.S.; Shivas, R.G.; Drenth, A. Dry flower disease of macadamia in Australia caused by Neopestalotiopsis macadamiae sp. nov. and Pestalotiopsis macadamiae sp. nov. Plant Dis. 2017, 101, 45–53. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Trueman, S.J. The reproductive biology of macadamia. Sci. Hortic. 2013, 150, 354–359. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Trueman, S.J.; Turnbull, C.G.N. Effects of cross-pollination and flower removal on fruit set in macadamia. Ann. Bot. 1994, 73, 23–32. [Google Scholar]
- Fitzell, R.D. Diseases and Disorders of Macadamias; NSW Agriculture: Wollongbar, NSW, Australia, 1994; pp. 1–31.
- Akinsanmi, O. Flower blights of macadamia caused by Botrytis cinerea, Pestalotiopsis macadamiae and Neopestalotiopsis macadamiae in Australia. In Proceedings of the International Congress of Plant Pathology (ICPP) 2018, Boston, MA, USA, 29 July–3 August 2018. [Google Scholar]
- Akinsanmi, O. Macadamia flower blights caused by a complex of pathogens: A redefinition of disease names. In Proceedings of the 7th International Macadamia Symposium, Kruger National Park, South Africa, 11–13 August 2015. [Google Scholar]
- Hunter, J.E.; Kunimoto, R.K. Reduction of macadamia nut set by Botrytis cinerea. Phytopathology 1973, 63, 939–941. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- van den Berg, N.; Serfontein, S.; Christie, B.; Munro, C. First report of raceme blight caused by Cladosporium cladosporioides on macadamia nuts in South Africa. Plant Dis. 2008, 92, 484. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Akinsanmi, O.; Nisa, S.; Jeff-Ego, O.; Drenth, A. Multiple Pestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis species cause flower blight of macadamia in Australia. Phytopathology 2016, 106, 122. [Google Scholar]
- Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Groenewald, J.Z.; Xu, J.; Crous, P.W. Pestalotiopsis revisited. Stud. Mycol. 2014, 79, 121–186. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Jeewon, R.; Liew, E.C.Y.; Simpson, J.A.; Hodgkiss, I.J.; Hyde, K.D. Phylogenetic significance of morphological characters in the taxonomy of Pestalotiopsis species. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2003, 27, 372–383. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Guo, L.D.; Cai, L.; Chukeatirote, E.; Wu, W.P.; Sun, X.; Hyde, K.D. A multi-locus backbone tree for Pestalotiopsis, with a polyphasic characterization of 14 new species. Fungal Divers. 2012, 56, 95–129. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Ayoubi, N.; Soleimani, M.J. Strawberry fruit rot caused by Neopestalotiopsis iranensis sp. nov., and N. mesopotamica. Curr. Microbiol. 2016, 72, 329–336. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chamorro, M.; Aguado, A.; De los Santos, B. First report of root and crown rot caused by Pestalotiopsis clavispora (Neopestalotiopsis clavispora) on strawberry in Spain. Plant Dis. 2016, 100, 1495. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jayawardena, R.S.; Liu, M.; Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Zhang, W.; Xing, Q.K.; Hyde, K.D.; Nilthong, S.; Li, X.H.; Yan, J.Y. Neopestalotiopsis vitis sp. nov. causing grapevine leaf spot in China. Phytotaxa 2016, 258, 63–74. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Laringnonl, P.; Hyde, K.D.; Al-Sady, A.; Liu, Z. Characterization of Neopestalotiopsis, Pestalotiopsis and Truncatella species associated with grapevine trunk diseases in France. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 2016, 55, 380–390. [Google Scholar]
- Solarte, F.; Muñoz, C.G.; Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Álvarez, E. Diversity of Neopestalotiopsis and Pestalotiopsis spp., causal agents of guava scab in Colombia. Plant Dis. 2018, 102, 49–59. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Qiu, F.; Xu, G.; Zheng, F.Q.; Zhou, J.; Zheng, L.; Miao, W.G.; Xie, C.P. First report of Neopestalotiopsis clavispora causing leaf spot on macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) in China. Plant Dis. 2019, 104, 288. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Santos, C.C.; Domingues, J.L.; Santos, R.F.; Spósito, M.B.; Santos, A.; Novaes, Q.S. First report of Neopestalotiopsis clavispora causing leaf spot on macadamia in Brazil. Plant Dis. 2019, 103, 1790. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Freitas, E.F.S.; Da Silva, M.; Barros, M.V.P.; Kasuya, M.C.M. Neopestalotiopsis hadrolaeliae sp. nov., a new endophytic species from the roots of the endangered orchid Hadrolaelia jongheana in Brazil. Phytotaxa 2019, 416, 211–220. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kumar, V.; Cheewangkoon, R.; Gentekaki, E.; Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Brahmange, R.S.; Hyde, K.D. Neopestalotiopsis alpapicalis sp. nov., a new endophyte from tropical mangrove trees in Krabi Province (Thailand). Phytotaxa 2019, 393, 251–262. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liu, X.; Tibpromma, S.; Zhang, F.; Xu, J.; Chethana, K.W.T.; Karunarathna, S.C.; Mortimer, P.E. Neopestalotiopsis cavernicola sp. nov. from Gem Cave in Yunnan Province, China. Phytotaxa 2021, 512, 1–27. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Norphanphoun, C.; Jayawardena, R.S.; Chen, Y.; Wen, T.C.; Meepol, W.; Hyde, K.D. Morphological and phylogenetic characterization of novel pestalotioid species associated with mangroves in Thailand. Mycosphere 2019, 10, 531–578. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Crous, P.W.; Wingfield, M.J.; Chooi, Y.H.; Gilchrist, C.L.M.; Lacey, E.; Pitt, J.I.; Roets, F.; Swart, W.J.; Cano-Lira, J.F.; Valenzuela-Lopez, N.; et al. Fungal Planet description sheets: 1042–1111. Persoonia 2020, 44, 301–459. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Huanluek, N.; Jjayawardena, R.S.; Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Harishchandra, D.L. Additions to pestalotioid fungi in Thailand: Neopestalotiopsis hydeana sp. nov. and Pestalotiopsis hydei sp. nov. Phytotaxa 2021, 479, 23–43. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jiang, N.; Fan, X.L.; Tian, C.M. Identification and characterization of leaf-inhabiting fungi from Castanea plantations in China. J. Fungi 2021, 7, 64. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Akinsanmi, O.A.; Mitter, V.; Simpfendorfer, S.; Backhouse, D.; Chakraborty, S. Identity and pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. isolated from wheat fields in Queensland and northern New South Wales. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 2004, 55, 97–107. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Crous, P.W.; Gams, W.; Stalpers, J.A.; Robert, V.; Stegehuis, G. MycoBank: An online initiative to launch mycology into the 21st century. Stud. Mycol. 2004, 50, 19–22. [Google Scholar]
- White, T.J.; Bruns, T.; Lee, S.; Taylor, J. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications; Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J., White, T.J., Eds.; Academic Press: San Diego, CA, USA, 1990; pp. 315–322. [Google Scholar]
- Glass, N.L.; Donaldson, G.C. Development of primer sets designed for use with the PCR to amplify conserved genes from filamentous ascomycetes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1995, 61, 1323–1330. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Rehner, S. Primers for Elongation Factor 1-α (EF1-α); Insect Biocontrol Laboratory USDA, ARS, PSI: Beltsville, MD, USA, 2001; p. 4.
- Katoh, K.; Standley, D.M. MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: Improvements in performance and usability. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2013, 30, 772–780. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Buffet, S.; Chevenet, F.; Dufayard, J.F.; Guindon, S.; Lefort, V.; Lescot, M.; Claverie, J.M.; Gascuel, O. Phylogeny.fr: Robust phylogenetic analysis for the non-specialist. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008, 36, W465–W469. [Google Scholar]
- Hall, T.A. BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser. 1999, 41, 95–98. [Google Scholar]
- Bezerra, J.D.P.; Machado, A.R.; Firmino, A.L.; Rosado, A.W.C.; Souza, C.A.F.; Souza-Motta, C.M.; Freire, K.T.L.S.; Paiva, L.M.; Magalhaes, O.M.C.; Pereira, O.L.; et al. Mycological diversity description I. Acta Bot. Bras. 2018, 32, 656–666. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Tibpromma, S.; Hyde, K.D.; McKenzie, E.H.C.; Bhat, D.J.; Phillips, A.J.L.; Wanasinghe, D.N.; Samarakoon, M.C.; Jayawardena, R.S.; Dissanayake, A.J.; Tennakoon, D.S.; et al. Fungal diversity notes 840–928: Micro-fungi associated with Pandanaceae. Fungal Divers. 2018, 93, 1–160. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hyde, K.D.; Hongsanan, S.; Jeewon, R.; Bhat, D.J.; McKenzie, E.H.C.; Jones, E.B.G.; Phookamsak, R.; Ariyawansa, H.A.; Boonmee, S.; Zhao, Q.; et al. Fungal diversity notes 367–490: Taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa. Fungal Divers. 2016, 80, 1–270. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ma, X.Y.; Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Chen, B.W.; Hyde, K.D.; McKenzie, E.H.C.; Chomnunti, P.; Kang, J.C. Endophytic pestalotiod taxa in Dendrobium orchids. Phytotaxa 2019, 419, 268–286. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Crous, P.W.; Wingfield, M.J.; Le Roux, J.J.; Richardson, D.M.; Strasberg, D.; Shivas, R.G.; Alvarado, P.; Edwards, J.; Moreno, G.; Sharma, R.; et al. Fungal Planet description sheets: 371–399. Persoonia 2015, 35, 264–327. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Silvério, M.L.; Cavalcanti, M.A.Q.; Silva, G.A.; Oliveira, R.J.V.; Bezerra, J.L. A new epifoliar species of Neopestalotiopsis from Brazil. Agrotropica 2016, 28, 151–158. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jiang, N.; Bonthond, G.; Fan, X.L.; Tian, C.M. Neopestalotiopsis rosicola sp. nov. causing stem canker of Rosa chinensis in China. Mycotaxon 2018, 133, 271–283. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Guo, L.D.; Chukeatirote, E.; McKenzie, E.H.C.; Hyde, K.D. A destructive new disease of Syzygium samarangense in Thailand caused by the new species Pestalotiopsiss samarangensis. Trop. Plant Pathol. 2013, 38, 227–235. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Stamatakis, A. RAxML version 8: A tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 2014, 30, 1312–1313. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ronquist, F.; Huelsenbeck, J.P. MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 2003, 19, 1572–1574. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Swofford, D.L. PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods); Version 4.0b10; Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA, USA, 2002. [Google Scholar]
- Felsenstein, J. Confidence intervals on phylogenetics: An approach using bootstrap. Evolution 1985, 39, 783–791. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rambaut, A. FigTree: Tree Figure Drawing Tool (Version 1.4.4); Institute of Evolutionary Biology: Edinburgh, UK, 2018. [Google Scholar]
- Quaedvlieg, W.; Binder, M.; Groenewald, J.Z.; Summerell, B.A.; Carnegie, A.J.; Burgess, T.I.; Crous, P.W. Introducing the consolidated species concept to resolve species in the Teratosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 2014, 33, 1–40. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Huson, D.H.; Bryant, D. Application of phylogenetic networks in evolutionary studies. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2006, 23, 254–267. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gerardo-Lugo, S.S.; Tovar-Pedraza, J.M.; Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Apodaca-Sánchez, M.A.; Beltran, H.; Correia, K.C.; Sauceda-Acosta, C.P.; Camacho-Tapia, M.; Hyde, K.D.; Marraiki, N.; et al. Characterization of Neopestalotiopsis species associated with mango grey leaf spot disease in Sinaloa, Mexico. Pathogens 2020, 9, 788. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Index Fungorum 2021. Available online: http://www.speciesfungorum.org/ (accessed on 23 August 2021).
- Senanayake, I.C.; Lian, T.T.; Mai, X.M.; Jeewon, R.; Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Zeng, Y.J.; Tian, S.L.; Xie, N. New geographical records of Neopestalotiopsis and Pestalotiopsis species in Guangdong Province, China. Asian J. Mycol. 2020, 3, 512–533. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Species | Strain 1 | Host/Substrate | Location | GenBank Accession Numbers 2 | Reference | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ITS | TUB | TEF1α | |||||
Neopestalotiopsis acrostichi | MFLUCC 17–1754 T | Acrostichum aureum | Thailand | MK764272 | MK764338 | MK764316 | [30] |
N. alpapicalis | MFLUCC 17–2544 T | Rhizophora mucronata | Thailand | MK357772 | MK463545 | MK463547 | [28] |
N. aotearoa | CBS 367.54 T | Canvas | New Zealand | KM199369 | KM199454 | KM199526 | [17] |
N. asiatica | MFLUCC 12–0286 T | Prunus dulcis | China | JX398983 | JX399018 | JX399049 | [17] |
N. australis | CBS 114159 T | Telopea sp. | Australia | KM199348 | KM199432 | KM199537 | [17] |
N. brachiata | MFLUCC 17–555 T | Rhizophora apiculata | Thailand | MK764274 | MK764340 | MK764318 | [30] |
N. brasiliensis | COAD 2166 T | Psidium guajava | Brazil | MG686469 | MG692400 | MG692402 | [42] |
N. cavernicola | KUMCC 20–0269 T | Cave | China | MW545802 | MW557596 | MW550735 | [29] |
N. chiangmaiensis | MFLUCC 18–0113 T | Pandanus sp. | Thailand | N/A | MH412725 | MH388404 | [43] |
N. chrysea | MFLUCC 12–0261 T | Dead leaves | China | JX398985 | JX399020 | JX399051 | [19] |
N. clavispora | MFLUCC 12–0281 T | Magnolia sp. | China | JX398979 | JX399014 | JX399045 | [19] |
N. cocoes | MFLUCC 15–0152 T | Cocos nucifera | Thailand | KX789687 | N/A | KX789689 | [44] |
N. cubana | CBS 600.96 T | Leaf Litter | Cuba | KM199347 | KM199438 | KM199521 | [17] |
N. dendrobii | MFLUCC 14–0106 T | Dendrobium cariniferum | Thailand | MK993571 | MK975835 | MK975829 | [45] |
N. drenthii | BRIP 72263a | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303786 | MZ312679 | MZ344171 | This study |
BRIP 72264a T | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303787 | MZ312680 | MZ344172 | This study | |
N. egyptiaca | CBS H–22294 T | Mangifera indica | Egypt | KP943747 | KP943746 | KP943748 | [46] |
N. ellipsospora | MFLUCC 12–0283 T | Dead plant material | China | JX398980 | JX399016 | JX399047 | [19] |
N. eucalypticola | CBS 264.37 T | Eucalyptus globulus | N/A | KM199376 | KM199431 | KM199551 | [17] |
N. foedans | CGMCC 3.9123 T | Mangrove plant | China | JX398987 | JX399022 | JX399053 | [19] |
N. formicidarum | CBS 362.72 T | Dead Formicidae (ant) | Cuba | KM199358 | KM199455 | KM199517 | [17] |
N. hadrolaeliae | EHJ6a | Cattleya jongheana | Brazil | MK454709 | MK465120 | MK465122 | [27] |
N. honoluluana | CBS 114495 T | Telopea sp. | USA | KM199364 | KM199457 | KM199548 | [17] |
N. hydeana | MFLUCC 20–0132 T | Artocarpus heterophyllus | Thailand | MW266069 | MW251119 | MW251129 | [32] |
N. iranensis | CBS 137768 T | Fragaria ananassa | Iran | KM074048 | KM074057 | KM074051 | [20] |
N. javaensis | CBS 257.31 T | Cocos nucifera | Java | KM199357 | KM199437 | KM199543 | [17] |
N. macadamiae | BRIP 63737c T | Macadamia sp. | Australia | KX186604 | KX186654 | KX186627 | [8] |
N. maddoxii | BRIP 72260a | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303780 | MZ312673 | MZ344165 | This study |
BRIP 72262a | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303781 | MZ312674 | MZ344166 | This study | |
BRIP 72266a T | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303782 | MZ312675 | MZ344167 | This study | |
BRIP 72272a | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303783 | MZ312676 | MZ344168 | This study | |
BRIP 72275a | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303784 | MZ312677 | MZ344169 | This study | |
BRIP 72284a | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303785 | MZ312678 | MZ344170 | This study | |
N. magna | MFLUCC 12–652 T | Pteridium sp. | France | KF582795 | KF582793 | KF582791 | [17] |
N. mesopotamica | CBS 336.86 T | Pinus brutia | Iraq | KM199362 | KM199441 | KM199555 | [17] |
N. musae | MFLUCC 15–0776 T | Musa sp. | Thailand | KX789683 | KX789686 | KX789685 | [44] |
N. natalensis | CBS 138.41 T | Acacia mollissima | South Africa | KM199377 | KM199466 | KM199552 | [17] |
N. nebuloides | BRIP 66617 T | Sporobolus elongatus | Australia | MK966338 | MK977632 | MK977633 | [31] |
N. olumideae | BRIP 72273a T | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303790 | MZ312683 | MZ344175 | This study |
BRIP 72283a | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303791 | MZ312684 | MZ344176 | This study | |
N. pandanicola | KUMCC 17–0175 | Pandanus sp. | China | N/A | MH412720 | MH388389 | [43] |
N. pernambucana | URM7148 | Vismia guianensis | Brazil | KJ792466 | N/A | KU306739 | [47] |
N. petila | MFLUCC 17–1737 T | Rhizophora mucronata | Thailand | MK764275 | MK764341 | MK764319 | [30] |
N. phangngaensis | MFLUCC 18–0119 T | Pandanus sp. | Thailand | MH388354 | MH412721 | MH388390 | [43] |
N. piceana | CBS 394.48 T | Picea sp. | UK | KM199368 | KM199453 | KM199527 | [17] |
N. protearum | CBS 114178 T | Leucospermum cuneiforme | Zimbabwe | JN712498 | KM199463 | LT853201 | [17] |
N. rhizophorae | MFLUCC 17–1551 T | Rhizophora mucronata | Thailand | MK764278 | MK764344 | MK764322 | [30] |
N. rosae | CBS 101057 T | Rosa sp. | New Zealand | KM199359 | KM199429 | KM199523 | [17] |
N. rosicola | CFCC 51992 T | Rosa chinensis | China | KY885239 | KY885245 | KY885243 | [48] |
N. samarangensis | CBS 115451 | Unidentified tree | China | KM199365 | KM199447 | KM199556 | [49] |
N. saprophytica | MFLUCC 12–0282 T | Magnolia sp. | China | JX398982 | JX399017 | JX399048 | [19] |
N. sichuanensis | CFCC 54338 T | Castanea mollissima | China | MW166231 | MW218524 | MW199750 | [33] |
N. sonneratae | MFLUCC 17–1744 T | Sonneronata alba | Thailand | MK764279 | MK764345 | MK764323 | [30] |
N. steyaertii | IMI 192475 T | Eucalyptus viminalis | Australia | KF582796 | KF582794 | KF582792 | [17] |
N. surinamensis | CBS 450.74 T | Soil under | Suriname | KM199351 | KM199465 | KM199518 | [17] |
Elaeis guineensis | |||||||
N. thailandica | MFLUCC 17–1730 T | Rhizophora mucronata | Thailand | MK764281 | MK764347 | MK764325 | [30] |
N. umbrinospora | MFLUCC 12–0285 T | Unidentified plant | China | JX398984 | JX399019 | JX399050 | [19] |
N. vheenae | BRIP 72293a T | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303792 | MZ312685 | MZ344177 | This study |
BRIP 70210 | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MN114212 | MN114214 | MN114213 | [5] 3 | |
N. vitis | MFLUCC 15–1265 T | Vitis vinifera | China | KU140694 | KU140685 | KU140676 | [22] |
N. zakeelii | BRIP 72271a | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303788 | MZ312681 | MZ344173 | This study |
BRIP 72282a T | Macadamia integrifolia | Australia | MZ303789 | MZ312682 | MZ344174 | This study | |
N. zimbabwana | CBS 111495 T | Leucospermum | Zimbabwe | JX556231 | KM199456 | KM199545 | [17] |
cunciforme | |||||||
Pestalotiopsis diversiseta | MFLUCC 12–0287 T | Dead plant material | China | JX399009 | JX399040 | JX399073 | [19] |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Prasannath, K.; Shivas, R.G.; Galea, V.J.; Akinsanmi, O.A. Neopestalotiopsis Species Associated with Flower Diseases of Macadamia integrifolia in Australia. J. Fungi 2021, 7, 771. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7090771
Prasannath K, Shivas RG, Galea VJ, Akinsanmi OA. Neopestalotiopsis Species Associated with Flower Diseases of Macadamia integrifolia in Australia. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7(9):771. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7090771
Chicago/Turabian StylePrasannath, Kandeeparoopan, Roger G. Shivas, Victor J. Galea, and Olufemi A. Akinsanmi. 2021. "Neopestalotiopsis Species Associated with Flower Diseases of Macadamia integrifolia in Australia" Journal of Fungi 7, no. 9: 771. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7090771