Estimated Burden of Fungal Infections in Oman
1
Department of microbiology, Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
2
Department of microbiology, Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc/CWZ, 6500 Nijmegen, The Netherlands
3
Foundation of Atlas of Clinical Fungi, 1214GP Hilversum, The Netherlands
4
Ibri Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ibri 115, Oman
5
Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Fungi 2021, 7(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7010005
Received: 4 November 2020
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Revised: 16 December 2020
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Accepted: 17 December 2020
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Published: 23 December 2020
For many years, fungi have emerged as significant and frequent opportunistic pathogens and nosocomial infections in many different populations at risk. Fungal infections include disease that varies from superficial to disseminated infections which are often fatal. No fungal disease is reportable in Oman. Many cases are admitted with underlying pathology, and fungal infection is often not documented. The burden of fungal infections in Oman is still unknown. Using disease frequencies from heterogeneous and robust data sources, we provide an estimation of the incidence and prevalence of Oman’s fungal diseases. An estimated 79,520 people in Oman are affected by a serious fungal infection each year, 1.7% of the population, not including fungal skin infections, chronic fungal rhinosinusitis or otitis externa. These figures are dominated by vaginal candidiasis, followed by allergic respiratory disease (fungal asthma). An estimated 244 patients develop invasive aspergillosis and at least 230 candidemia annually (5.4 and 5.0 per 100,000). Only culture and microscopy are currently available for diagnosis, so case detection is suboptimal. Uncertainty surrounds these figures that trigger the need for urgent local epidemiological studies with more sensitive diagnostics.
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Keywords:
fungal diseases; superficial; invasive; epidemiology; incidence; prevalence; Oman
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MDPI and ACS Style
Al-Hatmi, A.M.S.; Al-Shuhoumi, M.A.; Denning, D.W. Estimated Burden of Fungal Infections in Oman. J. Fungi 2021, 7, 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7010005
AMA Style
Al-Hatmi AMS, Al-Shuhoumi MA, Denning DW. Estimated Burden of Fungal Infections in Oman. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7(1):5. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7010005
Chicago/Turabian StyleAl-Hatmi, Abdullah M.S., Mohammed A. Al-Shuhoumi, and David W. Denning. 2021. "Estimated Burden of Fungal Infections in Oman" Journal of Fungi 7, no. 1: 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7010005
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