On the Fly: Tritrophic Associations of Bats, Bat Flies, and Fungi
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Association Web
3.2. Structural Specificity
3.3. Ecomorphology
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Bat Fly Species | N | d’i | Bat Species |
---|---|---|---|
Nycteribia schmidlii | 5 | 0.47 | Miniopterus schreibersii |
Penicillidia conspicua | 38 | 0.94 | Miniopterus schreibersii Myotis daubentonii Rhinolophus euryale |
Penicillidia dufouri | 2 | 1 | Myotis myotis |
Exastinion clovisi | 1 | 1 | Anoura geoffroyi |
Mastroptera guimaraesi | 13 | 0.93 | Phyllostomus hastatus |
Mastoptera minuta | 12 | 1 | Lophostoma silvicolum |
Megistopoda aranea | 4 | 1 | Artibeus jamaicensis |
Speisera ambigua | 2 | 0.12 | Carollia perspicillata |
Strebla consocia | 1 | 0.42 | Phyllostomus hastatus |
Strebla galindoi | 3 | 1 | Tonatia saurophila |
Strebla hertigi | 1 | 0.45 | Phyllostomus discolor |
Trichobioides perspicillatus | 1 | 0.45 | Phyllostomus discolor |
Trichobius costalimai | 13 | 0.95 | Phyllostomus discolor |
Trichobius dugesioides | 66 | 0.99 | Trachops cirrhosus |
Trichobius galei | 1 | 1 | Natalus stramineus |
Trichobius joblingi | 132 | 0.92 | Carollia brevicauda Carollia castanea Carollia perspicillata Desmodus rotundus Sturnira lilium Trachops cirrhosus |
Trichobius longipes | 2 | 0.54 | Phyllostomus hastatus |
Trichobius sp. nov. | 3 | 1 | Choeronycteris mexicana |
Trichobius parasiticus | 3 | 0.88 | Desmodus rotundus |
Trichobius sphaeronotus | 3 | 1 | Leptonycteris curasoae Leptonycteris nivalis |
Trichobius uniformis | 2 | 1 | Glossophaga soricina |
Trichobius yunkeri | 24 | 1 | Pteronotus parnellii |
Laboulbeniales Species | N | d’i | Bat Fly Species |
---|---|---|---|
Arthrorhynchus eucampsipodae | 4 | 0.94 | Nycteribia schmidlii |
Arthrorhynchus nycteribiae | 41 | 0.97 | Nycteribia schmidlii Penicillidia dufouri Penicillidia conspicua |
Gloeandromyces dickii | 3 | 0.19 | Trichobius joblingi |
Gloeandromyces hilleri | 12 | 1 | Mastoptera guimaraesi |
Gloeandromyces sp. nov. | 3 | 1 | Strebla galindoi |
Gloeandromyces nycteribiidarum | 10 | 0.69 | Exastinion clovisi Megistopoda aranea Trichobius caecus Trichobius sphaeronotus Trichobius yunkeri |
Gloeandromyces pageanus | 14 | 0.21 | Trichobius dugesioides Trichobius joblingi |
Gloeandromyces streblae | 73 | 0.45 | Megistopoda aranea Trichobius dugesioides Trichobius joblingi Trichobius sp. nov. Trichobius uniformis Trichobius yunkeri |
Nycteromyces streblidinus | 23 | 0.5 | Megistopoda aranea Speisera ambigua Trichobius galei Trichobius joblingi Trichobius longipes Trichobius parasiticus |
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de Groot, M.D.; Dumolein, I.; Hiller, T.; Sándor, A.D.; Szentiványi, T.; Schilthuizen, M.; Aime, M.C.; Verbeken, A.; Haelewaters, D. On the Fly: Tritrophic Associations of Bats, Bat Flies, and Fungi. J. Fungi 2020, 6, 361. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040361
de Groot MD, Dumolein I, Hiller T, Sándor AD, Szentiványi T, Schilthuizen M, Aime MC, Verbeken A, Haelewaters D. On the Fly: Tritrophic Associations of Bats, Bat Flies, and Fungi. Journal of Fungi. 2020; 6(4):361. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040361
Chicago/Turabian Stylede Groot, Michiel D., Iris Dumolein, Thomas Hiller, Attila D. Sándor, Tamara Szentiványi, Menno Schilthuizen, M. Catherine Aime, Annemieke Verbeken, and Danny Haelewaters. 2020. "On the Fly: Tritrophic Associations of Bats, Bat Flies, and Fungi" Journal of Fungi 6, no. 4: 361. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040361