Sex Differences in Circadian Clock Genes and Myocardial Infarction Susceptibility
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Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
3
Clinical Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Intensive Care, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Andy Wessels
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2021, 8(5), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd8050053
Received: 24 February 2021
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Revised: 23 April 2021
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Accepted: 7 May 2021
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Published: 8 May 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Genetics)
The growing body of evidence shows a significant difference in the circadian rhythm of cardiovascular disease based on biological sex. The incidence of cardiovascular disease varies between women and men. Additionally, biological sex is vital for the timely application of therapy—chronotherapy, which benefits both sexes. This study aimed to examine the potential difference of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the circadian rhythm genes ARNTL, CLOCK, CRY2 and PER2 in women and men with myocardial infarction. A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 200 patients with myocardial infarction. Altogether, ten single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ARNTL, CLOCK, CRY2 and PER2 genes were analyzed. The Chi-square test yielded statistically significant differences in CLOCK gene rs11932595 polymorphism in a recessive genotype model between women and men with a p-value of 0.03 and an odds ratio 2.66, and a corresponding 95% confidence interval of 1.07 to 6.66. Other analyzed polymorphisms of the circadian rhythm genes ARNTL, CRY2, and PER2 did not significantly differ between the sexes. According to the study’s current results, the CLOCK gene’s genetic variability might affect myocardial infarction concerning biological sex.
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Keywords:
biological sex; circadian rhythm; clock genes; myocardial infarction
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MDPI and ACS Style
Škrlec, I.; Talapko, J.; Juzbašić, M.; Steiner, R. Sex Differences in Circadian Clock Genes and Myocardial Infarction Susceptibility. J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2021, 8, 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd8050053
AMA Style
Škrlec I, Talapko J, Juzbašić M, Steiner R. Sex Differences in Circadian Clock Genes and Myocardial Infarction Susceptibility. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease. 2021; 8(5):53. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd8050053
Chicago/Turabian StyleŠkrlec, Ivana, Jasminka Talapko, Martina Juzbašić, and Robert Steiner. 2021. "Sex Differences in Circadian Clock Genes and Myocardial Infarction Susceptibility" Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 8, no. 5: 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd8050053
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