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Volume 12
Issue 6
10.3390/jcdd12060218
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Review

Biophysics and Clinical Effectiveness of Irreversible Electroporation for Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation

by
Anna-Sophie Eberl
1,*,
Gernot Plank
2,
Martin Manninger
1,
Ursula Rohrer
1,
Laura Stix
1,
Stefan Kurath-Koller
3,
Andreas Zirlik
1 and
Daniel Scherr
1
1
Division of Cardiology, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
2
Department of Physics and Biophysics, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
3
Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics & Adolescence Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2025, 12(6), 218; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd12060218 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 22 April 2025 / Revised: 26 May 2025 / Accepted: 5 June 2025 / Published: 7 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Topic New Research on Atrial Fibrillation)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Understanding the biophysics of electroporation—the mechanism by which pulsed electric fields achieve tissue ablation—is essential for advancing this emerging technology. In this review, we summarize key publications from past years to provide an overview of current knowledge and future perspectives. We discuss the fundamental principles of PFA at the cellular, physical, and technical levels, along with its potential benefits and limitations. A deeper understanding of these biophysical mechanisms and the parameters required to create durable lesions may contribute to improved clinical outcomes and drive future innovation.
Keywords: ablation; atrial fibrillation; biophysics; pulsed electric field; pulsed field ablation ablation; atrial fibrillation; biophysics; pulsed electric field; pulsed field ablation

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Eberl, A.-S.; Plank, G.; Manninger, M.; Rohrer, U.; Stix, L.; Kurath-Koller, S.; Zirlik, A.; Scherr, D. Biophysics and Clinical Effectiveness of Irreversible Electroporation for Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2025, 12, 218. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd12060218

AMA Style

Eberl A-S, Plank G, Manninger M, Rohrer U, Stix L, Kurath-Koller S, Zirlik A, Scherr D. Biophysics and Clinical Effectiveness of Irreversible Electroporation for Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease. 2025; 12(6):218. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd12060218

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eberl, Anna-Sophie, Gernot Plank, Martin Manninger, Ursula Rohrer, Laura Stix, Stefan Kurath-Koller, Andreas Zirlik, and Daniel Scherr. 2025. "Biophysics and Clinical Effectiveness of Irreversible Electroporation for Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation" Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 12, no. 6: 218. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd12060218

APA Style

Eberl, A.-S., Plank, G., Manninger, M., Rohrer, U., Stix, L., Kurath-Koller, S., Zirlik, A., & Scherr, D. (2025). Biophysics and Clinical Effectiveness of Irreversible Electroporation for Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, 12(6), 218. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd12060218

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