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Article

First-Trimester Ultrasound Imaging for Prenatal Assessment of the Extended Cardiovascular System Using the Cardiovascular System Sonographic Evaluation Algorithm (CASSEAL)

by
Zita M. Gambacorti-Passerini
1,2,3,
Cristina Martínez Payo
1,2,3,4,
Coral Bravo Arribas
1,2,3,4,
Santiago García-Tizón Larroca
1,2,3,4,
Natalio García-Honduvilla
5,6,
Miguel A. Ortega
5,6,*,
Ricardo Pérez Fernández-Pachecho
1,2,3,4 and
Juan De León Luis
1,2,3,4
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
2
Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
3
Maternal and Infant Research Investigation Unit, Alonso Family Foundation (UDIMIFFA), 28009 Madrid, Spain
4
Department of Public and Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
5
Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
6
Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10(8), 340; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10080340
Submission received: 1 June 2023 / Revised: 24 July 2023 / Accepted: 31 July 2023 / Published: 7 August 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Echocardiography in Pediatric Heart Disease)
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Abstract

Introduction and objectives: To compare fetal images obtained at the first- and second-trimester ultrasound scan when applying the Cardiovascular System Sonographic Evaluation Algorithm (CASSEAL). Methods: Using the CASSEAL protocol, nine sequential axial views were acquired in B-mode and color Doppler at the first- and second-trimester ultrasound scans, visualizing the main components of the extended fetal cardiovascular system. Images were compared qualitatively between both trimesters. Results: We obtained comparable images for all the nine axial views described in the CASSEAL protocol, with few differences and limitations. Conclusions: The CASSEAL protocol is reproducible in the first trimester, and could help in the early detection of fetal cardiovascular abnormalities. It represents a promising additional tool in order to increase the CHD detection rate.
Keywords: first trimester; extended cardiovascular system; sonographic protocol; congenital heart diseases; prenatal ultrasonic diagnosis first trimester; extended cardiovascular system; sonographic protocol; congenital heart diseases; prenatal ultrasonic diagnosis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gambacorti-Passerini, Z.M.; Martínez Payo, C.; Arribas, C.B.; Larroca, S.G.-T.; García-Honduvilla, N.; Ortega, M.A.; Fernández-Pachecho, R.P.; De León Luis, J. First-Trimester Ultrasound Imaging for Prenatal Assessment of the Extended Cardiovascular System Using the Cardiovascular System Sonographic Evaluation Algorithm (CASSEAL). J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10, 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10080340

AMA Style

Gambacorti-Passerini ZM, Martínez Payo C, Arribas CB, Larroca SG-T, García-Honduvilla N, Ortega MA, Fernández-Pachecho RP, De León Luis J. First-Trimester Ultrasound Imaging for Prenatal Assessment of the Extended Cardiovascular System Using the Cardiovascular System Sonographic Evaluation Algorithm (CASSEAL). Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease. 2023; 10(8):340. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10080340

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gambacorti-Passerini, Zita M., Cristina Martínez Payo, Coral Bravo Arribas, Santiago García-Tizón Larroca, Natalio García-Honduvilla, Miguel A. Ortega, Ricardo Pérez Fernández-Pachecho, and Juan De León Luis. 2023. "First-Trimester Ultrasound Imaging for Prenatal Assessment of the Extended Cardiovascular System Using the Cardiovascular System Sonographic Evaluation Algorithm (CASSEAL)" Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 10, no. 8: 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10080340

APA Style

Gambacorti-Passerini, Z. M., Martínez Payo, C., Arribas, C. B., Larroca, S. G.-T., García-Honduvilla, N., Ortega, M. A., Fernández-Pachecho, R. P., & De León Luis, J. (2023). First-Trimester Ultrasound Imaging for Prenatal Assessment of the Extended Cardiovascular System Using the Cardiovascular System Sonographic Evaluation Algorithm (CASSEAL). Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, 10(8), 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10080340

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