Association between Plasma Ascorbic Acid Levels and Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Perioperative Management
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Delirium (−) | Delirium (+) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
N | 67 | 31 | |
Age (years) | 76 (73–78) | 77 (74–79) | 0.36 |
Sex (male, female) | 38, 29 | 20, 11 | 0.47 |
Hypertension | 54 | 25 | 1 |
Diabetes mellitus | 10 | 4 | 0.8 |
Dyslipidemia | 32 | 15 | 0.96 |
NYHA functional class III or IV | 7 | 2 | 0.53 |
Procedure | 0.005 | ||
Valve surgery | 30 | 4 | |
Aortic surgery | 9 | 10 | |
Coronary artery bypass grafting | 0 | 1 | |
Composite surgery | 25 | 15 | |
Others | 3 | 1 | |
EuroSCORE II | 2.84 (1.51–5.70) | 4.14 (2.89–6.97) | 0.03 |
Preoperative plasma level of ascorbic acid (µg/mL) | 6.0 ± 2.2 | 5.5 ± 2.4 | 0.30 |
Postoperative plasma level of ascorbic acid (µg/mL) | 2.8 (2.3–3.5) | 2.3 (1.6–3.3) | 0.037 |
Rate of decline between pre- and post-plasma level of ascorbic acid (%) | 50.8 (40.6–59.2) | 52.8 (44.4–61.3) | 0.48 |
CPB time (min) | 120 (99–148) | 160 (116–201) | <0.001 |
Operation time (min) | 254 (222–328) | 351 (267–411) | 0.001 |
APACHE II score at ICU admission | 17 (11–20) | 17 (12–19) | 1 |
APACHE III score at ICU admission | 62 ± 14 | 62 ± 13 | 0.81 |
Intubation time (h) | 10.1 (8.1–16.1) | 16.1 (9.9–52.1) | 0.004 |
Length of ICU stay (h) | 95 (69–119) | 108 (70–163) | 0.14 |
Duration of delirium (h) | - | 16.6 (11.6–41.3) | - |
Odds Ratio | 95% CI | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Postoperative plasma ascorbic acid level (µg/mL) | 0.576 | 0.352–0.941 | 0.028 |
Intubation time (h) | 1.040 | 1.010–1.080 | 0.012 |
Length of ICU stay (h) | 1.000 | 0.987–1.010 | 0.97 |
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Iizuka, Y.; Yoshinaga, K.; Takahashi, K.; Oki, S.; Chiba, Y.; Sanui, M.; Kimura, N.; Yamaguchi, A. Association between Plasma Ascorbic Acid Levels and Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study. J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10, 293. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10070293
Iizuka Y, Yoshinaga K, Takahashi K, Oki S, Chiba Y, Sanui M, Kimura N, Yamaguchi A. Association between Plasma Ascorbic Acid Levels and Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease. 2023; 10(7):293. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10070293
Chicago/Turabian StyleIizuka, Yusuke, Koichi Yoshinaga, Kyosuke Takahashi, Sayaka Oki, Yoshihiko Chiba, Masamitsu Sanui, Naoyuki Kimura, and Atsushi Yamaguchi. 2023. "Association between Plasma Ascorbic Acid Levels and Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study" Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 10, no. 7: 293. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10070293
APA StyleIizuka, Y., Yoshinaga, K., Takahashi, K., Oki, S., Chiba, Y., Sanui, M., Kimura, N., & Yamaguchi, A. (2023). Association between Plasma Ascorbic Acid Levels and Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, 10(7), 293. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10070293