Prognostic Factors and Life Expectancy in Canine Leishmaniosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethical Approval
2.2. Case Selection
2.3. Medical Records Evaluation
2.3.1. Dog Signalment
2.3.2. Establishment of CanL Diagnosis
2.3.3. Confirmation of Other Infectious Diseases
2.3.4. Anti-Leishmania Treatment
2.3.5. Veterinary Follow-Ups
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Anemia and Hyperproteinemia Are Frequent Clinicopathological Findings in CanL
3.2. Clinicopathological Abnormalities Observed at the Time of Diagnosis Can Be Useful to Predict Prognosis
3.3. The Presence of Coinfections at the Time of Diagnosis Compromised Dog Survival
3.4. Anti-Leishmania Therapy Can Influence Prognosis
3.5. The Improvement in Renal Function Is a Rare Event during the Course of CanL Treatment
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patients (%) | ||
---|---|---|
Sex | Male | 59.6 |
Female | 40.4 | |
Breed | Mixed-breed | 47.5 |
Labrador retriever | 16.2 | |
Boxer | 5.0 | |
Epagneul Breton | 4.0 | |
German Shepherd | 3.0 | |
Other breeds | 24.3 | |
Age at diagnosis (years) | Young (<1) | 1.0 |
Young adult (1–3) | 18.2 | |
Adult (4–8) | 53.5 | |
Mature (> 8) | 27.3 |
Clinical Signs | Patients (%) |
Dermatological signs | 67.4 |
Weight loss | 40.0 |
Lymphadenomegaly | 21.0 |
Osteoarticular pathology and muscle atrophy | 18.9 |
Ocular pathology | 14.7 |
Splenomegaly | 10.5 |
Gastrointestinal signs | 10.5 |
Anorexia | 10.5 |
Epistaxis | 4.2 |
Fever | 2.1 |
Others | 21.0 |
Analytic Panel | Abnormalities | Reference Range | Patients (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Erythrogram | Anemia | Ht 37–55% | 60.4 |
Mild anemia | Ht 30–37% | 44.8 | |
Moderate anemia | Ht 20–30% | 51.7 | |
Severe anemia | Ht < 20% | 3.4 | |
Leucogram | Leukocytosis | 6.0–17.0 (×109/L) | 9.6 |
Leukopenia | 6.0–17.0 (×109/L) | 7.4 | |
Lymphocytosis | 0.8–5.1 (×109/L) | 9.6 | |
Lymphopenia | 0.8–5.1 (×109/L) | 2.1 | |
Monocytosis | 0.0–1.8 (×109/L) | 18.0 | |
Neutrophilia | 4.0–12.6 (×109/L) | 7.3 | |
Neutropenia | 4.0–12.6 (×109/L) | 10.4 | |
Platelet count | Thrombocytopenia | 117–460 (×109/μL) | 18.3 |
Biochemical profile | Hyperproteinemia | 5.5–7.5 g/dL | 52.8 |
Hypoproteinemia | 5.5–7.5 g/dL | 8.8 | |
Creatinemia | 0.4–1.2 mg/dL | 18.3 | |
Uremia | 6–24 mg/dL | 43.2 | |
Elevated ALP | 0–85 UI/L | 12.0 | |
Elevated GPT | 13–92 UI/L | 10.4 |
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Pereira, M.A.; Santos, R.; Oliveira, R.; Costa, L.; Prata, A.; Gonçalves, V.; Roquette, M.; Vala, H.; Santos-Gomes, G. Prognostic Factors and Life Expectancy in Canine Leishmaniosis. Vet. Sci. 2020, 7, 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7030128
Pereira MA, Santos R, Oliveira R, Costa L, Prata A, Gonçalves V, Roquette M, Vala H, Santos-Gomes G. Prognostic Factors and Life Expectancy in Canine Leishmaniosis. Veterinary Sciences. 2020; 7(3):128. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7030128
Chicago/Turabian StylePereira, Maria Aires, Rute Santos, Ricardo Oliveira, Lina Costa, Ana Prata, Vânia Gonçalves, Madalena Roquette, Helena Vala, and Gabriela Santos-Gomes. 2020. "Prognostic Factors and Life Expectancy in Canine Leishmaniosis" Veterinary Sciences 7, no. 3: 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7030128