The Effect of Cannabidiol in Conjunction with Radiation Therapy on Canine Glioma Cell Line Transplanted in Immunodeficient Mice
Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. In Vivo Xenogeneic Orthotopic Glioma Transplantation
2.2. Radiation Therapy (RT)
2.3. CBD IP Injection
2.4. IVIS Imaging for Monitoring Glioma Size in the Brain
2.5. Monitoring for Short-Term and Long-Term Effects
2.6. Harvesting of the Blood and Brain for CBD Concentration and Histopathology
2.7. CBD Extraction Procedure for Plasm
2.8. CBD Extraction Procedure for Brain Samples
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | Mouse | CBD/Vehicle IP Injection Daily | RT | Neurological Signs | Survival Time (day) | Mean (Median) Survival Time |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 1 | Vehicle | n/a | - | 33 | 30.2 (33) |
2 | - | 33 | ||||
3 | - | 34 | ||||
4 | - | 24 | ||||
5 | - | 27 | ||||
CBD | 1 | CBD 30 mg/kg q24 h | n/a | - | 24 | 34.4 (33) |
2 | + | 33 | ||||
3 | - | 41 | ||||
4 | + | 41 | ||||
5 | - | 33 | ||||
RT | 1 | Vehicle | 5.5 Gy once | - | 34 | 40 (39) |
2 | - | 52 | ||||
3 | - | 41 | ||||
4 | - | 39 | ||||
5 | - | 34 | ||||
CBD + RT | 1 | CBD 30 mg/kg q24 h | 5.5 Gy once | - | 34 | 43.2 (34) |
2 | - | 34 | ||||
3 | - | 54 | ||||
4 | - | 60 | ||||
5 | - | 34 |
Group | Mouse | CBD Level in Plasma (ng/mL) | Mean (Median) (ng/mL) | CBD Level in Neoplasia (ng/mL) | Mean (Median) (ng/mL) | CBD Level in Intact Brain (ng/mL) | Mean (Median) (ng/mL) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 1 | 0 | 0 (0) | 0 | 0 (0) | 0 | 0 (0) |
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
CBD | 1 | 181 | 181.6 (181) | 496 | 355.6 (376) | 579 | 403.2 (456) |
2 | 208 | 376 | 471 | ||||
3 | 158 | 182 | 277 | ||||
4 | 166 | 257 | 233 | ||||
5 | 195 | 467 | 456 | ||||
RT | 1 | 0 | 0 (0) | 0 | 0 (0) | 0 | 0 (0) |
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
CBD + RT | 1 | 101 | 145.2 (163) | 181 | 258.68 (320) | 176 | 269.2 (253) |
2 | 167 | 320 | 250 | ||||
3 | 163 | 93.4 | 379 | ||||
4 | 164 | 334 | 253 | ||||
5 | 131 | 365 | 288 |
Group | Mouse | Neoplasia | Intact Brain Tissue | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive Nuclei% | Mean (Median) | Positive Cell number/μm2 | Mean (Median) | Positive Nuclei | Mean (Median) | Positive Cell Number/μm2 | Mean (Median) | ||
Control | 1 | 0.201 | 0.235 (0.177) SD 0.291 | 14.580 | 15.364 (10.866) SD 18.893 | 0.037 | 0.051 (0.051) SD 0.010 | 1.060 | 1.427 (1.420) SD 0.256 |
2 | 0.736 | 47.637 | 0.049 | 1.411 | |||||
3 | 0.177 | 10.886 | 0.051 | 1.420 | |||||
4 | 0.016 | 1.228 | 0.065 | 1.781 | |||||
5 | 0.046 | 2.492 | 0.051 | 1.460 | |||||
CBD | 1 | 3.049 | 1.124 (0.774) SD 1.097 | 158.374 | 62.336 (47.833) SD 56.198 | 0.245 | 0.620 (0.342) SD 0.733 | 5.733 | 16.086 (9.070) SD 18.384 |
2 | 0.774 | 60.226 | 0.447 | 12.841 | |||||
3 | 0.811 | 47.833 | 1.916 | 48.444 | |||||
4 | 0.707 | 27.120 | 0.150 | 4.340 | |||||
5 | 0.280 | 18.125 | 0.342 | 9.070 | |||||
RT | 1 | 3.589 | 1.590 (1.282) SD 1.196 | 223.949 | 95.587 (64.529) SD 77.196 | 0.108 | 0.485 (0.370) SD 0.446 | 3.269 | 11.927 (8.374) SD 10.516 |
2 | 0.586 | 35.399 | 1.254 | 30.236 | |||||
3 | 1.282 | 64.529 | 0.272 | 8.180 | |||||
4 | 0.808 | 44.746 | 0.422 | 9.576 | |||||
5 | 1.686 | 109.311 | 0.370 | 8.374 | |||||
CBD + RT | 1 | 0.632 | 0.511 (0.531) SD 0.217 | 47.674 | 27.999 (27.658) SD 17.218 | 0.050 | 0.218 (0.128) SD 0.220 | 1.344 | 5.009 (3.071) SD 4.498 |
2 | 0.531 | 27.658 | 0.595 | 12.482 | |||||
3 | 0.408 | 18.630 | 0.098 | 2.322 | |||||
4 | 0.207 | 4.835 | 0.221 | 5.828 | |||||
5 | 0.775 | 41.200 | 0.128 | 3.071 |
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Ukai, M.; Kurihara, J.; Antonakakis, M.; Banks, K.; Dow, S.; Gustafson, D.L.; Boss, M.-K.; Prebble, A.; McGrath, S. The Effect of Cannabidiol in Conjunction with Radiation Therapy on Canine Glioma Cell Line Transplanted in Immunodeficient Mice. Vet. Sci. 2025, 12, 735. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12080735
Ukai M, Kurihara J, Antonakakis M, Banks K, Dow S, Gustafson DL, Boss M-K, Prebble A, McGrath S. The Effect of Cannabidiol in Conjunction with Radiation Therapy on Canine Glioma Cell Line Transplanted in Immunodeficient Mice. Veterinary Sciences. 2025; 12(8):735. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12080735
Chicago/Turabian StyleUkai, Masayasu, Jade Kurihara, Markos Antonakakis, Krista Banks, Steve Dow, Daniel L. Gustafson, Mary-Keara Boss, Amber Prebble, and Stephanie McGrath. 2025. "The Effect of Cannabidiol in Conjunction with Radiation Therapy on Canine Glioma Cell Line Transplanted in Immunodeficient Mice" Veterinary Sciences 12, no. 8: 735. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12080735
APA StyleUkai, M., Kurihara, J., Antonakakis, M., Banks, K., Dow, S., Gustafson, D. L., Boss, M.-K., Prebble, A., & McGrath, S. (2025). The Effect of Cannabidiol in Conjunction with Radiation Therapy on Canine Glioma Cell Line Transplanted in Immunodeficient Mice. Veterinary Sciences, 12(8), 735. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12080735