Mycological Survey and Antifungal Susceptibility Evaluation of Candida albicans Isolates in European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus)
Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Paraphyton mirabile Positives/ Total Samples (%) | Candida albicans Positives/ Total Samples (%) | Yarrowia lipolytica Positives/ Total Samples (%) | Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Positives/ Total Samples (%) | Meyerozyma guilliermondii Positives/ Total Samples (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Toothbrush | 1/134 (0.8%) | 0/134 | 0/134 | 0/134 | 0/134 |
Oral swab | Na | 12/86 * (14.0%) | 0/86 | 1/86 (1.16%) | 1/86 (1.16%) |
Rectal swab | Na | 9/86 * (10.47%) | 2/86 (2.33%) | 0/86 | 0/86 |
N° of isolates | 1 | 21 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Candida albicans (n. Isolates = 21) | Isolates | NDF | MCF | CSP | FCT | POS | VOR | ITR | FLU | AMB |
Sensitivity RANGE | 0.015–2 | 0.008–2 | 0.008–2 | 0.06–4 | 0.008–1 | 0.008–1 | 0.015–0.12 | 0.12–8 | 0.12–1 | |
MIC | Isolate 01 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Isolate 02 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 03 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 04 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.5 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 05 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.015 | 0.008 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 06 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 07 | 0.015 | 0.008 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 08 | 0.015 | 0.008 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.008 | 0.06 | 0.5 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 09 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.015 | 0.008 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 10 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 11 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 12 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 13 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 14 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 15 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.5 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 16 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.5 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 17 | 0.03 | 0.008 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.008 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 18 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.008 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 19 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.008 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Isolate 20 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.008 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.5 | |
Isolate 21 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
MICm | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.26 |
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Brustenga, L.; Morganti, G.; Gobbi, M.; Ranucci, A.; Rigamonti, G.; Moretta, I.; Diaferia, M.; D’Avino, N.; Cruciani, D.; Ciullo, M.; et al. Mycological Survey and Antifungal Susceptibility Evaluation of Candida albicans Isolates in European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus). Vet. Sci. 2025, 12, 306. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12040306
Brustenga L, Morganti G, Gobbi M, Ranucci A, Rigamonti G, Moretta I, Diaferia M, D’Avino N, Cruciani D, Ciullo M, et al. Mycological Survey and Antifungal Susceptibility Evaluation of Candida albicans Isolates in European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus). Veterinary Sciences. 2025; 12(4):306. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12040306
Chicago/Turabian StyleBrustenga, Leonardo, Giulia Morganti, Marco Gobbi, Alice Ranucci, Giulia Rigamonti, Iolanda Moretta, Manuela Diaferia, Nicoletta D’Avino, Deborah Cruciani, Marcella Ciullo, and et al. 2025. "Mycological Survey and Antifungal Susceptibility Evaluation of Candida albicans Isolates in European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus)" Veterinary Sciences 12, no. 4: 306. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12040306
APA StyleBrustenga, L., Morganti, G., Gobbi, M., Ranucci, A., Rigamonti, G., Moretta, I., Diaferia, M., D’Avino, N., Cruciani, D., Ciullo, M., Massacci, F. R., & Crotti, S. (2025). Mycological Survey and Antifungal Susceptibility Evaluation of Candida albicans Isolates in European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus). Veterinary Sciences, 12(4), 306. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12040306