Epidemiological Characteristics and Genetic Diversity of Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus (CIAV) in Guangdong Province, China
Abstract
Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cells
2.2. Sample Collection and Processing
2.2.1. Sampling Strategy
2.2.2. Data Analysis
2.3. Detection of CIAV Antibodies in Serum Samples
2.4. Sample DNA Extraction and Virus Identification
2.5. Isolation of the Virus
2.6. Indirect Immunofluorescence Assays (IFA)
2.7. Sequence Analysis
3. Results
3.1. CIAV Serological Detection
3.2. PCR-Based CIAV Detection
3.3. CIAV Isolation in MSB1 Cells
3.4. IFA Detection
3.5. Genetic Evolution Analysis of CIAV Isolates
3.6. Amino Acid Sequence and Structure Analysis of CIAV Isolates
4. Discussion
4.1. Serological Analysis of CIAV Strains
4.2. Molecular Detection Method
4.3. Isolation of CIAV Strains
4.4. Phylogenetic Analysis of CIAV Strains
5. Conclusions
6. Patents
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Primer Name | Sequence (5′–3′) | Amplicon Length (bp) |
---|---|---|
CIAV-124-F | TGCCGGTTCTTTAATCACCC | 124 bp |
CIAV-124-R | ATCCCTCATTCTTAGTGGCAA |
Primer Name | Sequence (5′ to 3′) | Amplicon Length (bp) |
---|---|---|
CIAV-F | GCTCTCCAAGAAGATACTCCA | 723 bp |
CIAV-R | TATGTTAGGTTCATTGACGCT | |
CIAV-F684 | AGTAGGTATACGCAAGGCGGT | 684 bp |
CIAV-R684 | AGCCTCACACTATACGTA | |
CIAV-F1243 | GCGGTATCGTAGACGAGC | 1243 bp |
CIAV-R1243 | CCCTTTTCAGGGCTGCG |
City | Breed | Number of Serum Samples | Number of CIAV Positive Serum Samples | CIAV Positive Rate of Serum Samples (%) | 95% Confidence Interval (CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower CI (%) | Upper CI (%) | |||||
Guangzhou | Yangshan chicken | 51 | 47 | 92.16 | 81.16 | 97.04 |
Foshan | Ma chicken | 136 | 115 | 84.56 | 77.44 | 89.76 |
Zhanjiang | Three yellow chicken | 50 | 50 | 100.00 | 92.89 | 100.00 |
Huizhou | Ma chicken | 98 | 67 | 68.37 | 58.77 | 76.60 |
Qingyuan | Ma chicken | 82 | 70 | 85.37 | 76.04 | 91.51 |
Jiangmen | Three yellow chicken | 162 | 117 | 72.22 | 64.70 | 78.64 |
Zhuhai | Yangshan chicken | 129 | 115 | 89.15 | 82.40 | 93.64 |
Zhongshan | Three yellow chicken | 52 | 20 | 38.46 | 26.44 | 52.31 |
Shantou | Three yellow chicken | 26 | 26 | 100 | 87.06 | 100 |
Farm Name | Breed | Number of Samples | Days-Old of Chickens in the Farm | City | Positive Rate of CAV (Positive Tissue Samples/Total Tissue Samples) | Isolates | Year of Collection |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Farm A | Three yellow chicken | 12 | 70 | Lufeng | 8.33% (1/12) | CIAV-GDLF | 2018 |
Farm B | Ma chicken | 10 | 52 | Foshan | 0% (0/10) | 2018 | |
Farm C | Three yellow chicken | 21 | 65 | Huizhou | 9.52% (2/21) | CIAV-GDHZ1 CIAV-GDHZ2 | 2018 |
Farm D | Ma chicken | 15 | 67 | Qingyuan | 0% (0/15) | 2018 | |
Farm E | Three yellow chicken | 17 | 59 | Jiangmen | 5.89% (1/17) | CIAV-GDJM | 2019 |
Farm F | Yangshan chicken | 13 | 95 | Zhuhai | 0% (0/13) | 2019 | |
Farm G | Ma chicken | 17 | 83 | Shantou | 0% (0/17) | 2019 |
Strain | Substitution of the Amino Acid Residues in VP1 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
75 | 89 | 125 | 139 | 141 | 144 | 265 | 281 | 287 | 394 | |
CIAV-YM | V | T | I | K | Q | E | T | D | T | Q |
CIAV-GDHZ1 | - | - | L | - | - | - | - | - | S | - |
CIAV-GDHZ2 | - | - | L | - | - | - | - | - | S | - |
CIAV-JM | - | - | L | - | - | - | A | G | N | - |
CIAV-LF | - | - | L | - | - | - | - | - | S | - |
N22 | I | - | - | Q | - | Q | - | - | - | - |
Ahhui1998 | I | - | - | Q | - | Q | - | - | - | - |
JL15120 | - | - | L | - | - | - | - | - | S | - |
98D06073 | I | - | - | Q | - | Q | - | - | A | - |
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Lu, Y.; Li, W.; Liu, Y.; Lin, J.; Luo, H.; Wang, Y.; Xu, F.; Liang, Z.; Mei, K.; Huang, S. Epidemiological Characteristics and Genetic Diversity of Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus (CIAV) in Guangdong Province, China. Vet. Sci. 2025, 12, 972. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12100972
Lu Y, Li W, Liu Y, Lin J, Luo H, Wang Y, Xu F, Liang Z, Mei K, Huang S. Epidemiological Characteristics and Genetic Diversity of Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus (CIAV) in Guangdong Province, China. Veterinary Sciences. 2025; 12(10):972. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12100972
Chicago/Turabian StyleLu, Yongkun, Wenjun Li, Yingying Liu, Junjie Lin, Haojian Luo, Yiqiao Wang, Fenfen Xu, Zhaoping Liang, Kun Mei, and Shujian Huang. 2025. "Epidemiological Characteristics and Genetic Diversity of Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus (CIAV) in Guangdong Province, China" Veterinary Sciences 12, no. 10: 972. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12100972
APA StyleLu, Y., Li, W., Liu, Y., Lin, J., Luo, H., Wang, Y., Xu, F., Liang, Z., Mei, K., & Huang, S. (2025). Epidemiological Characteristics and Genetic Diversity of Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus (CIAV) in Guangdong Province, China. Veterinary Sciences, 12(10), 972. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12100972