Camel Whey Protein Attenuates Acute Heat Stress-Induced Kidney Injury in Rats by Up-Regulating CYP2J Activity and Activating PI3K/AKT/eNOS to Inhibit Oxidative Stress
Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals and Antibodies
2.2. Ethics Statement and Animals
2.3. Preparation of Camel Whey Protein
2.4. Construction of CYP2J−/− Knockout Rats
2.5. Experimental Design and Treatment Protocol
2.6. Assessment of the Nephrotoxicity Markers (BUN, S-Cr and NGAL)
2.7. Histopathology of Kidney Tissues
2.8. Oxidative Stress Markers (SOD, MDA, GSH, GSH-PX, CAT, T-AOC)
2.9. Immunohistochemistry of Renal NGAL
2.10. TUNEL Detection of Apoptosis in Kidney Cells
2.11. CYP2J Activity Assay
2.12. ELISA Assay for Eicosatrienoic Acids Activity
2.13. Immunoblot Analysis of PI3K/Akt/eNOS Pathway
2.14. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Composition of CWP
3.2. Effect of CWP on CYP2J and EETs Activity
3.3. Gene Editing and Detection of F1 Generation Genotypes
3.4. Genotype Testing of Breeding Offspring
3.5. Effect of CWP on Kidney Injury Indices Following Acute Heat Stress in Wild-Type and CYP2J3−/− Rats
3.6. Effect of CWP on Pathological and Histological Changes in the Kidney of Wild-Type and CYP2J3−/− Rats After Acute Heat Stress
3.7. CWP Can Inhibit Kidney Oxidative Stress Through CYP2J and Enhance the Ability of Antioxidant Defense
3.8. Detection of Kidney Injury in CYP2J3−/− Rats by Immunohistochemistry
3.9. Effect of CWP on Apoptosis in Kidney Cells of Acutely Heat-Stressed CYP2J3−/− Rats
3.10. CWP Activates the PI3K/AKT Signalling Pathway by Regulating CYP2J Activity to Alleviate Renal Injury in HS Rats
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviation
References
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NAME | CWP | BWP |
---|---|---|
Albumin | 369 | 338 |
Lactotransferrin | 174 | 150 |
Lactoperoxidase | 98 | 83 |
α-Lactalbumin | 278 | 240 |
Superoxide Dismutase | 3 | 4 |
Heat Shock Protein | 12 | 10 |
L-Lactic Dehydrogenase | 3 | 2 |
Cysteine-Rich Secretory Protein | 16 | 17 |
NADH Reductase | 3 | 5 |
Peroxiredoxin | 1 | - |
Antioxidant Enzymes (nucleus) | 1 | - |
Glutathione Hydrolase | 8 | 9 |
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Jing, X.; Du, D.; Hou, B.; Zhan, D.; Hasi, S. Camel Whey Protein Attenuates Acute Heat Stress-Induced Kidney Injury in Rats by Up-Regulating CYP2J Activity and Activating PI3K/AKT/eNOS to Inhibit Oxidative Stress. Vet. Sci. 2024, 11, 524. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11110524
Jing X, Du D, Hou B, Zhan D, Hasi S. Camel Whey Protein Attenuates Acute Heat Stress-Induced Kidney Injury in Rats by Up-Regulating CYP2J Activity and Activating PI3K/AKT/eNOS to Inhibit Oxidative Stress. Veterinary Sciences. 2024; 11(11):524. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11110524
Chicago/Turabian StyleJing, Xiaoxia, Donghua Du, Bin Hou, Deng Zhan, and Surong Hasi. 2024. "Camel Whey Protein Attenuates Acute Heat Stress-Induced Kidney Injury in Rats by Up-Regulating CYP2J Activity and Activating PI3K/AKT/eNOS to Inhibit Oxidative Stress" Veterinary Sciences 11, no. 11: 524. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11110524
APA StyleJing, X., Du, D., Hou, B., Zhan, D., & Hasi, S. (2024). Camel Whey Protein Attenuates Acute Heat Stress-Induced Kidney Injury in Rats by Up-Regulating CYP2J Activity and Activating PI3K/AKT/eNOS to Inhibit Oxidative Stress. Veterinary Sciences, 11(11), 524. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11110524