G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) and ERs Are Modulated in the Testis–Epididymal Complex in the Normal and Cryptorchid Dog
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals
2.2. Tissue Collection
2.3. Immunohistochemistry
2.4. Western Blot
2.5. RNA Isolation, cDNA Synthesis, and Real-Time RT-PCR
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Immunohistochemical Evaluation of GPER, ER-Alpha and ER-Beta in the Normal and Cryptorchid Testis of Dogs
3.2. Immunohistochemical Evaluation of GPER, ER-Alpha, and ER-Beta in the Normal and Cryptorchid Epididymis of Dogs
3.3. Protein Expression Levels of GPER, ER-Alpha and ER-Beta in the Normal and Cryptorchid Testis–Epididymal Complex: Western Blot and Densitometric Analysis
3.4. mRNA Expression Levels of GPER, ER-Alpha and ER-Beta in the Normal and Cryptorchid Testis–Epididymal Complex: Real-Time RT-PCR
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Primer Name | Gene Name | Primer Sequence 5′-3′ | Genbank Accession Number | Product Size |
---|---|---|---|---|
dGPERfor dGPERrev | Canis lupus familiaris GPER1 | AAAGCCTGCAGTGTCTTGGTATC TGGGTACTGGTGATTCTGGACTT | XM_005621204.2 | 150 bp 1 |
dESR1for dESR1rev | Canis lupus familiaris ESRA | TCGGAAAACTGCTCCTGTAAATG ACCACAATCTCTCGGTCAAAGAG | NM_001002936.1 | 150 bp |
dESR2for dESR2rev | Canis lupus familiaris ESRB | CGTGCTAGAGATGAAATCGTTAATG CCCCTGTTTCCTGAGCAGTCTAT | XM_038591983.1 | 152 bp |
dGAPDHfor dGAPDHfor | Canis lupus familiaris GAPDH | TGTCCCCACCCCCAATG TCGTCATATTTGGCAGCTTTCTC | XM_003434387 | 69 bp |
Cytotypes | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Leydig Cells | Sertoli Cells | Pre-Meiotic Cells | Pachytene Spermatocytes | Round Spermatids | Oval Spermatids | Elongated Spermatids | |
GPER | |||||||
Normal | +++ | - | - | +++ | + | ++ | - |
Cryptorchid | ++ | ++ | - | - | - | - | - |
ER-alpha | |||||||
Normal | ++ | - | - | - | +++ | - | - |
Cryptorchid | +++ | ++ | - | - | - | - | - |
ER-beta | |||||||
Normal | ++ | +++ | - | - | - | - | +++ |
Cryptorchid | +++ | +++ | - | - | - | - | - |
GPER | ER-Alpha | ER-Beta | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Epididymal Segments | Immunostaining Pattern | |||||||||
P | B | PM | P | B | PM | P | B | PM | ||
NORMAL | Caput | + | - | - | ++ | +++ | - | ++ | +++ | - |
Corpus | ++ | - | + | ++ | - | - | ++ | +++ | - | |
Cauda | ++ | - | + | ++ | - | - | +++ | +++ | - | |
Caput | ++ | - | - | ++ | - | - | ++ | +++ | - | |
CRYPTORCHID | Corpus | + | - | ++ | ++ | - | - | + | ++ | - |
Cauda | ++ | - | +++ | + * | - | - | +++ | - | - |
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Liguori, G.; Tafuri, S.; Pelagalli, A.; Ali’, S.; Russo, M.; Mirabella, N.; Squillacioti, C. G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) and ERs Are Modulated in the Testis–Epididymal Complex in the Normal and Cryptorchid Dog. Vet. Sci. 2024, 11, 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11010021
Liguori G, Tafuri S, Pelagalli A, Ali’ S, Russo M, Mirabella N, Squillacioti C. G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) and ERs Are Modulated in the Testis–Epididymal Complex in the Normal and Cryptorchid Dog. Veterinary Sciences. 2024; 11(1):21. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11010021
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiguori, Giovanna, Simona Tafuri, Alessandra Pelagalli, Sabrina Ali’, Marco Russo, Nicola Mirabella, and Caterina Squillacioti. 2024. "G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) and ERs Are Modulated in the Testis–Epididymal Complex in the Normal and Cryptorchid Dog" Veterinary Sciences 11, no. 1: 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11010021