Seroprevalence of Equine Leptospirosis in the State of Goiás, Brazil
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area and Animals
2.2. Sample Collection
2.3. Laboratory Analysis
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Seroprevalence
3.2. Serology
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stratum | Farms | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N | Focus * | % | CI95% | |
1 | 122 | 85 | 68.3 | 59.6–76.2 |
2 | 123 | 94 | 73.7 | 65.3–80.9 |
3 | 49 | 34 | 67.7 | 52.9–79.9 |
Total | 294 | 213 | 72.9 | 71.7–78.9 |
Stratum | Animals | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N | MAT (+) | % | CI95% | |
1 | 390 | 207 | 65.1 | 50.0–78.4 |
2 | 380 | 233 | 61.2 | 53.1–68.9 |
3 | 124 | 73 | 58.5 | 49.7–67.0 |
Total | 894 | 513 | 61.6 | 54.3–69.0 |
Serogroup | Serovar | Stratum 1 | Stratum 2 | Stratum 3 | Goiás (n/%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Djasiman | Djasiman | 37 (18.0) | 39 (17.0) | 8 (10.4) | 84 (16.4) |
Sentot | 14 (6.8) | 13 (5.7) | 2 (2.6) | 29 (5.7) | |
Icterohaemorrhagiae | Icterohaemorrhagiae | 26 (12.7) | 15 (6.5) | 21 (27.3) | 62 (12.1) |
Copenhageni | 3 (1.5) | 2 (0.9) | 1 (1.3) | 6 (1.2) | |
Australis | Bratislava | 10 (4.9) | 15 (6.5) | 3 (3.9) | 28 (5.5) |
Australis | 3 (1.5) | 3 (1.3) | 1 (1.3) | 7 (1.4) | |
Pomona | Pomona | 14 (6.8) | 13 (5.7) | 1 (1.3) | 28 (5.5) |
Pomona GR6 | 1 (0.5) | 2 (0.9) | 0 | 3 (0.6) | |
Ballum | Castellonis | 8 (3.9) | 9 (3.9) | 3 (3.9) | 20 (3.9) |
Sjeroe | Hardjobovis | 7 (3.4) | 3 (1.3) | 2 (2.6) | 12 (2.3) |
Hardjo (CTG) | 0 | 1 (0.4) | 1 (1.3) | 2 (0.4) | |
Hardjo-prajitno | 0 | 1 (0.4) | 0 | 1 (0.2) | |
Wolffi | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.2) | |
Autumnalis | Autumnalis | 3 (1.5) | 6 (2.6) | 0 | 9 (1.8) |
Butembo | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.3) | 1 (0.2) | |
Grypphotyphosa | Grypphotyphosa | 2 (1.0) | 6 (2.6) | 0 | 8 (1.6) |
Shermani | Tarassovi | 0 | 2 (0.9) | 0 | 2 (0.4) |
Andamana | Andamana | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.2) |
Seramanga | Patoc | 22 (10.7) | 37 (16.2) | 12 (15.6) | 71 (13.9) |
Without more prevalent serovar * | 53 (25.8) | 62 (27.1) | 21 (27.2) | 136 (26.5) | |
Total | 205 (100) | 229 (100) | 77 (100) | 513 (100) |
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Romanowski, T.N.d.A.; Dias, R.A.; Heinemann, M.B.; Carvalho, S.F.; Silva, T.A.; Martins, A.d.S.; Caetano, G.D.d.C.; Ferreira Júnior, Á.; Santos, J.P.d.; Borsanelli, A.C. Seroprevalence of Equine Leptospirosis in the State of Goiás, Brazil. Vet. Sci. 2023, 10, 590. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10100590
Romanowski TNdA, Dias RA, Heinemann MB, Carvalho SF, Silva TA, Martins AdS, Caetano GDdC, Ferreira Júnior Á, Santos JPd, Borsanelli AC. Seroprevalence of Equine Leptospirosis in the State of Goiás, Brazil. Veterinary Sciences. 2023; 10(10):590. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10100590
Chicago/Turabian StyleRomanowski, Tatiana Nunes de Azevedo, Ricardo Augusto Dias, Marcos Bryan Heinemann, Stephani Félix Carvalho, Tamires Ataides Silva, Andressa da Silva Martins, Geovanna Domingues da Cunha Caetano, Álvaro Ferreira Júnior, Jandra Pacheco dos Santos, and Ana Carolina Borsanelli. 2023. "Seroprevalence of Equine Leptospirosis in the State of Goiás, Brazil" Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 10: 590. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10100590