Anti-Aging and Antioxidant Potential of Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis: Findings in Caenorhabditis elegans Indicate a New Utilization for Roasted Seeds of Guarana
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Plant Material and Extraction
2.2. Chemical Characterization of the Extract
2.2.1. Characterization of Alkaloids
2.2.2. Characterization of Catechins (ESI-MS/MS)
2.2.3. Total Phenol Content
2.3. Antioxidant Activity in Vitro (DPPH Assay)
2.4. Caenorhabditis Elegans: Strains and Culture
2.5. Antioxidant Activity in Vivo
2.5.1. Survival Assay under Oxidative Stress
2.5.2. Intracellular ROS Accumulation
2.6. Expression of Stress Response Genes
2.6.1. Quantification of hsp-16.2::GFP Expression
2.6.2. Quantification of Sod-3::GFP Expression
2.7. Aging Markers
2.7.1. Longevity Assay
2.7.2. Pharyngeal Pumping Rate
2.7.3. Quantification of PolyQ40::YFP Aggregates
2.8. Toxicity Assay: C. Elegans Brood Size
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Chemical Characterization of Guarana Extract
3.2. In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Guarana
3.3. In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of Guarana
3.4. Quantification of the Expression of Stress Response Genes after Guarana Treatment
3.5. Anti-Aging effects
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compound | Concentration (mg/g) |
---|---|
Caffeine | 102.8 |
Theophyline | 2.3 |
Thebromine | 1.0 |
Catechin | + |
Epicatechin | + |
Sample | DPPH * |
---|---|
GE | 40 |
EGCG | 1.03 |
Vitamin C | 2.12 |
ALK | - |
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Peixoto, H.; Roxo, M.; Röhrig, T.; Richling, E.; Wang, X.; Wink, M. Anti-Aging and Antioxidant Potential of Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis: Findings in Caenorhabditis elegans Indicate a New Utilization for Roasted Seeds of Guarana. Medicines 2017, 4, 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines4030061
Peixoto H, Roxo M, Röhrig T, Richling E, Wang X, Wink M. Anti-Aging and Antioxidant Potential of Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis: Findings in Caenorhabditis elegans Indicate a New Utilization for Roasted Seeds of Guarana. Medicines. 2017; 4(3):61. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines4030061
Chicago/Turabian StylePeixoto, Herbenya, Mariana Roxo, Teresa Röhrig, Elke Richling, Xiaojuan Wang, and Michael Wink. 2017. "Anti-Aging and Antioxidant Potential of Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis: Findings in Caenorhabditis elegans Indicate a New Utilization for Roasted Seeds of Guarana" Medicines 4, no. 3: 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines4030061
APA StylePeixoto, H., Roxo, M., Röhrig, T., Richling, E., Wang, X., & Wink, M. (2017). Anti-Aging and Antioxidant Potential of Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis: Findings in Caenorhabditis elegans Indicate a New Utilization for Roasted Seeds of Guarana. Medicines, 4(3), 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines4030061