In-Vitro and In-Vivo Tolerance and Therapeutic Investigations of Phyto-Fabricated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles against Selected Pathogens
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemical Used
2.2. Preparation of P. emodi Leaves Extract
2.3. Synthesis of Fe2O3 NPs
2.4. Characterization
2.5. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Assay
2.6. In-Vitro Antibacterial Assay
2.7. Tolerance Study
2.8. In-Vivo Antibacterial Study
2.9. Histopathological Study
2.10. Hematological Assay
3. Results
3.1. Physicochemical Study
3.1.1. Surface Area and XRD Analysis
3.1.2. SEM and TEM Analysis
3.1.3. FTIR and EDX Analysis
3.2. In-Vitro Therapeutic Study
3.2.1. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
3.2.2. In-Vitro Antibacterial Activity
3.3. Tolerance and Therapeutic Study
3.3.1. Histopathological Analysis
3.3.2. Hematological Analysis
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | E. coli Infected Mice | E. coli-Fe2O3 Inoculated Mice | S. aureus Infected Mice | S. aureus-Fe2O3 Inoculated Mice | Normal Range |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
WBC | 13.7 × 109/L | 1.7 × 109/L | 8.8 × 109/L | 2.9 × 109/L | 0.8–6.8 |
Lymph # | 4.2 × 109/L | 1.2 × 109/L | 4.7 × 109/L | 2.3 × 109/L | 0.7–5.7 |
Mon # | 1.2 × 109/L | 0.1 × 109/L | 0.6 × 109/L | 0.1 × 109/L | 0.0–0.3 |
Gran # | 8.4 × 109/L | 0.4 × 109/L | 3.5 × 109/L | 0.5 × 109/L | 0.1–1.8 |
Lymph % | 30.0% | 71.5% | 53.0% | 79.8% | 55.8–90.6 |
Mon % | 8.8% | 3.0% | 7.7% | 3.2% | 1.8–6.0 |
Gran % | 61.1% | 25.5% | 39.7% | 17.0% | 6.36–9.42 |
RBC | 9.24 × 1012/L | 7.02 × 1012/L | 8.45 × 1012/L | 8.61 × 1012/L | 11.0–14.3 |
HGB | 11.1 g/dL | 10.9 g/dL | 13.2 g/dL | 11.8 g/dL | 8.6–38.9 |
HCT | 39.6% | 37.3% | 44.9% | 42.0% | 34.6–44.0 |
MCV | 42.9 fL (L) | 53.2 fL (L) | 53.0 fL | 48.8 fL (L) | 48.2–58.3 |
MCH | 12.0 pg (L) | 15.5 pg (L) | 15.5 pg (L) | 13.7 pg (L) | 15.8–19.0 |
MCHC | 28.0 g/dL (L) | 29.2 g/dL (L) | 29.3 g/dL (L) | 28.0 g/dL (L) | 30.2–35.3 |
RDW | 20.3% (H) | 17.5% (H) | 21.1% (H) | 16.3% (H) | 13.0–17.0 |
PLT | 2599 × 109/L (H) | 1119 × 109/L (H) | 1016 × 109/L (H) | 143 × 109/L (H) | 450–1690 |
MPV | 4.9 fL | 6.0 fL | 5.5 fL | 6.1 fL | 3.8–6.0 |
PDW | 15.7 | 16.7 | 16.6 | 18.2 | -- |
PCT | -- | 0.671 | 0.558% | 0.087 | -- |
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Shah, A.; Tauseef, I.; Ali, M.B.; Yameen, M.A.; Mezni, A.; Hedfi, A.; Haleem, S.K.; Haq, S. In-Vitro and In-Vivo Tolerance and Therapeutic Investigations of Phyto-Fabricated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles against Selected Pathogens. Toxics 2021, 9, 105. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics9050105
Shah A, Tauseef I, Ali MB, Yameen MA, Mezni A, Hedfi A, Haleem SK, Haq S. In-Vitro and In-Vivo Tolerance and Therapeutic Investigations of Phyto-Fabricated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles against Selected Pathogens. Toxics. 2021; 9(5):105. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics9050105
Chicago/Turabian StyleShah, Amreen, Isfahan Tauseef, Manel Ben Ali, Muhammad Arfat Yameen, Amine Mezni, Amor Hedfi, Syed Kashif Haleem, and Sirajul Haq. 2021. "In-Vitro and In-Vivo Tolerance and Therapeutic Investigations of Phyto-Fabricated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles against Selected Pathogens" Toxics 9, no. 5: 105. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics9050105