Utilization of Waste Amine-Oxime (WAO) Resin to Generate Carbon by Microwave and Its Removal of Pb(II) in Water
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Characterization Methods
2.3. Microwave Semi-Carbonisation Methods
2.4. Adsorption Experiments
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of WAO
3.2. Characteristics of MT-WAO
3.3. Adsorption
3.3.1. Effect of Microwave Treatment Time
3.3.2. Effect of pH
3.3.3. Effect of Time and Adsorption Kinetics
3.3.4. Effect of Temperature and Adsorption Isotherm
3.4. Adsorption Mechanism
3.5. Elution
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
WAO | Waste amine-oxime resin |
FAO | Fresh amine oxime resin |
MT-WAO | Waste amine-oxime resin after microwave pretreatment |
FT-IR | Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy |
SEM-EDS | Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy |
XPS | X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
ICP-AES | Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry |
TG-DTA | Thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis |
Kd | distribution coefficient (Ratio of resin metal concentration to solution metal concentration at equilibrium, Kd = Qe/Ce or Kd = [(C0 − Cs)/Cs] × (V/m). |
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Element (%) | FAO | WAO |
---|---|---|
C | 46.07 | 46.04 |
O | 57.86 | 88.29 |
N | 23.96 | 8.240 |
H | 3.047 | 5.373 |
Metal Ion | T(K) | Langmuir Isotherm Model | Freundlich Isotherm Model | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qm (mg/g) | KL | R2 | Kf | n | R2 | ||
298 | 79.85 | 0.0129 | 0.9995 | 15.26 | 4.772 | 0.8947 | |
Pb(II) | 308 | 82.24 | 0.0147 | 0.9991 | 17.5 | 5.135 | 0.9018 |
318 | 82.67 | 0.0194 | 0.9992 | 19.94 | 5.390 | 0.9246 |
Concentration of Pb2+ (mg/g) | ΔH (J/mol) | ΔS (J/mol) | ΔG (KJ/mol) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
298 K | 309 K | 318 K | |||
50 | 21.15 | 94.16 | −6.21 | −6.42 | −6.63 |
100 | 54.01 | 177.48 | −52.83 | −54.61 | −56.38 |
200 | 26.07 | 83.73 | −24.93 | −25.76 | −26.60 |
300 | 10.46 | 25.66 | −7.64 | −7.89 | −8.15 |
400 | 10.01 | 22.55 | −6.71 | −6.94 | −7.16 |
Adsorbents | Adsorption Capacities (mg/g) | References |
---|---|---|
Pb2+ | ||
MT-WAO | 82.67 | This work |
Sago waste | 109.7 | [34] |
Aminated polyacrylonitrile fibers | 76.1 | [35] |
Lignocellulosic biomaterial | 62.1 | [36] |
Activated carbon | 30.4 | [37] |
Guanyl-modified cellulose | 52.0 | [38] |
Weak acidic cation resin | 58.1 | [39] |
Pigeon peas hulls | 20.8 | [40] |
Chars from Prosopis Africana | 45.3 | [41] |
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He, C.; Liu, Y.; Zheng, C.; Jiang, Y.; Liao, Y.; Huang, J.; Fujita, T.; Wei, Y.; Ma, S. Utilization of Waste Amine-Oxime (WAO) Resin to Generate Carbon by Microwave and Its Removal of Pb(II) in Water. Toxics 2022, 10, 489. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10090489
He C, Liu Y, Zheng C, Jiang Y, Liao Y, Huang J, Fujita T, Wei Y, Ma S. Utilization of Waste Amine-Oxime (WAO) Resin to Generate Carbon by Microwave and Its Removal of Pb(II) in Water. Toxics. 2022; 10(9):489. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10090489
Chicago/Turabian StyleHe, Chunlin, Yun Liu, Chunhui Zheng, Yanming Jiang, Yan Liao, Jiaxin Huang, Toyohisa Fujita, Yuezhou Wei, and Shaojian Ma. 2022. "Utilization of Waste Amine-Oxime (WAO) Resin to Generate Carbon by Microwave and Its Removal of Pb(II) in Water" Toxics 10, no. 9: 489. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10090489