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10.3390/foods15030465
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Systematic Review

Improving Lipid Profiles Through Lactobacillus rhamnosus Supplementation in Dyslipidemic Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by
Sungmin Chung
,
Jiill Jeong
,
Yeonwoo Park
,
Bogyeong Lee
,
Sumin Kang
and
Gwang-woong Go
*
Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Foods 2026, 15(3), 465; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15030465
Submission received: 6 January 2026 / Revised: 26 January 2026 / Accepted: 26 January 2026 / Published: 29 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Nutraceuticals in the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome—2nd Edition)
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Abstract

Dyslipidemia, characterized by elevated triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, is a major cardiovascular risk factor. However, evidence regarding the lipid-modulating efficacy of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus casei remains limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD420251153531) evaluated their lipid-modulating effects in preclinical dyslipidemia models. A comprehensive search of four databases up to July 2025 identified 12 studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE tool. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to estimate standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs): probiotics significantly reduced TG (SMD: −1.38; 95% CI: from −1.92 to −0.84), TC (SMD: −0.85; 95% CI: from −1.20 to −0.42), and LDL-C levels (SMD: −1.59; 95% CI: from −2.16 to −1.02; all p < 0.001). In contrast, no significant effect was observed on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (SMD: 0.18; 95% CI: from −0.35 to 0.72; p = 0.5044). Heterogeneity was moderate to substantial (I2 = 36–51%), although publication bias for TC and LDL-C suggests cautious interpretation of results. The lipid-lowering effects are likely mediated by bile salt hydrolase activity and short-chain fatty acid production along the gut–liver axis. These findings support L. rhamnosus as a potential adjunctive nutritional strategy for dyslipidemia management.
Keywords: dyslipidemia; Lactobacillus rhamnosus; Lactobacillus casei; Lacticaseibacillus; meta-analysis; systematic review dyslipidemia; Lactobacillus rhamnosus; Lactobacillus casei; Lacticaseibacillus; meta-analysis; systematic review

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chung, S.; Jeong, J.; Park, Y.; Lee, B.; Kang, S.; Go, G.-w. Improving Lipid Profiles Through Lactobacillus rhamnosus Supplementation in Dyslipidemic Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Foods 2026, 15, 465. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15030465

AMA Style

Chung S, Jeong J, Park Y, Lee B, Kang S, Go G-w. Improving Lipid Profiles Through Lactobacillus rhamnosus Supplementation in Dyslipidemic Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Foods. 2026; 15(3):465. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15030465

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chung, Sungmin, Jiill Jeong, Yeonwoo Park, Bogyeong Lee, Sumin Kang, and Gwang-woong Go. 2026. "Improving Lipid Profiles Through Lactobacillus rhamnosus Supplementation in Dyslipidemic Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Foods 15, no. 3: 465. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15030465

APA Style

Chung, S., Jeong, J., Park, Y., Lee, B., Kang, S., & Go, G.-w. (2026). Improving Lipid Profiles Through Lactobacillus rhamnosus Supplementation in Dyslipidemic Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Foods, 15(3), 465. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15030465

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