Hydrogen Incorporation in RuxTi1−xO2 Mixed Oxides Promotes Total Oxidation of Propane
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Results
2.1. Characterization of the Fresh Ruthenium−Titanium Mixed Oxide Samples
2.2. Hydrogen-Induced Changes of Ruthenium−Titanium Mixed Oxides
2.3. Catalytic Tests: Propane Combustion
3. Discussion
3.1. Formation of Ru_x and Ru_x_250R
3.2. Improved Oxidation Catalysis of Ru_x_250R in Comparison to Ru_x
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Catalysts Preparation
4.3. Catalysts Characterization
4.4. Catalytic Tests
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Catalysts | Cell Parameter a/b (nm) a | Cell Parameter c (nm) b | Grain Size (RuO2) (nm) c | Grain Size (Ru–Ti) (nm) c | Ru–Ti/(RuO2 + Ru–Ti) (%) d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ru_100 | 4.500 | 3.107 | 18 ± 0.5 | - | 0 |
Ru_90 | 4.509 | 3.094 | 27 ± 1 | 25 ± 2 | 81.2 |
Ru_80 | 4.519 | 3.082 | 32 ± 0.5 | 15 ± 0.3 | 89.9 |
Ru_70 | 4.528 | 3.068 | 33 ± 1 | 12 ± 0.2 | 90.9 |
Ru_60 | 4.538 | 3.053 | 36± 1 | 10 ± 0.5 | 93.7 |
Ru_50 | 4.548 | 3.035 | 46 ± 8 | 9 ± 0.5 | 96.4 |
Ru_40 | 4.558 | 3.022 | 45 ± 6 | 10 ± 0.5 | 88.8 |
Ru_30 | 4.572 | 3.006 | 43 ± 5 | 12 ± 2 | 81.9 |
Ru_20 | 4.591 | 2.977 | 28 ± 6 | 16 ± 1 | 92.5 |
Catalysts | SBET (m2/g) | Ru/(Ti + Ru)(mol%) a | Ru/(Ti + Ru)(mol%) b | (OH + Oxygenated Carbon)/O 1s Total b |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ru_100 | 9 | 100 | 100 | 39.90 |
Ru_90 | 6 | 89.3 | 70.65 | 14.67 |
Ru_80 | 10 | 78.8 | 59.81 | 5.42 |
Ru_70 | 14 | 68.1 | 60.53 | 4.85 |
Ru_60 | 19 | 56.7 | 54.4 | 4.42 |
Ru_50 | 26 | 46.8 | 47.74 | 2.50 |
Ru_40 | 32 | 40.9 | 37.96 | 4.69 |
Ru_30 | 31 | 30.0 | 29.08 | 3.38 |
Ru_20 | 34 | 17.4 | 17.61 | 4.11 |
Ru_60_250R | 19 | 56.2 | 52.12 | 4.43 |
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Wang, W.; Wang, Y.; Timmer, P.; Spriewald-Luciano, A.; Weber, T.; Glatthaar, L.; Guo, Y.; Smarsly, B.M.; Over, H. Hydrogen Incorporation in RuxTi1−xO2 Mixed Oxides Promotes Total Oxidation of Propane. Inorganics 2023, 11, 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11080330
Wang W, Wang Y, Timmer P, Spriewald-Luciano A, Weber T, Glatthaar L, Guo Y, Smarsly BM, Over H. Hydrogen Incorporation in RuxTi1−xO2 Mixed Oxides Promotes Total Oxidation of Propane. Inorganics. 2023; 11(8):330. https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11080330
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Wei, Yu Wang, Phillip Timmer, Alexander Spriewald-Luciano, Tim Weber, Lorena Glatthaar, Yun Guo, Bernd M. Smarsly, and Herbert Over. 2023. "Hydrogen Incorporation in RuxTi1−xO2 Mixed Oxides Promotes Total Oxidation of Propane" Inorganics 11, no. 8: 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11080330