Turn a Shrimp into a Firefly: Monitoring Tissue pH in Small Crustaceans Using an Injectable Hydrogel Sensor with Infrared Excitation and Visible Luminescence
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sensor Preparation
2.2. Signal Acquisition and Sensor Calibration
2.3. Amphipod Sampling and Performed Experiments
2.4. Obtaining Hemocyte Primary Culture and Performed Tests
2.5. Phenoloxidase Assay
2.6. Histological Analysis
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Calibration of the IR-Excited pH-Sensors
3.2. Testing Influence of the Sensor Components on Amphipods
3.3. Tissue pH Monitoring under Temperature Increase
3.4. Long-Term Immune Response to the Injected Sensors
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nazarova, A.; Gurkov, A.; Rzhechitskiy, Y.; Shchapova, E.; Mutin, A.; Saranchina, A.; Diagileva, A.; Bolbat, N.; Krivoshapkin, P.; Timofeyev, M. Turn a Shrimp into a Firefly: Monitoring Tissue pH in Small Crustaceans Using an Injectable Hydrogel Sensor with Infrared Excitation and Visible Luminescence. Photonics 2023, 10, 697. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10060697
Nazarova A, Gurkov A, Rzhechitskiy Y, Shchapova E, Mutin A, Saranchina A, Diagileva A, Bolbat N, Krivoshapkin P, Timofeyev M. Turn a Shrimp into a Firefly: Monitoring Tissue pH in Small Crustaceans Using an Injectable Hydrogel Sensor with Infrared Excitation and Visible Luminescence. Photonics. 2023; 10(6):697. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10060697
Chicago/Turabian StyleNazarova, Anna, Anton Gurkov, Yaroslav Rzhechitskiy, Ekaterina Shchapova, Andrei Mutin, Alexandra Saranchina, Anastasiia Diagileva, Nadezhda Bolbat, Pavel Krivoshapkin, and Maxim Timofeyev. 2023. "Turn a Shrimp into a Firefly: Monitoring Tissue pH in Small Crustaceans Using an Injectable Hydrogel Sensor with Infrared Excitation and Visible Luminescence" Photonics 10, no. 6: 697. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10060697