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Article

Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation in a Thermal Power System Induced by Doubly-Fed Induction Generators with Inertia Control

by
Wei Huang
1,
Suwei Zhai
2,
Xuegang Lu
2,
Xiaojie Zhang
3,
Yanjun Liu
3,*,
Wei He
3 and
Yifan Fang
3
1
Kunming Power Supply Bureau of Yunnan Grid Company Limited, Kunming 650011, China
2
Yunnan Electric Power Dispatching and Control Center, Kunming 650100, China
3
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Processes 2025, 13(5), 1368; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13051368
Submission received: 5 April 2025 / Revised: 24 April 2025 / Accepted: 27 April 2025 / Published: 29 April 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Operation and Control of New Power System with Large-Scale Renewable Energy Integration)
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Abstract

Ultra-low frequency oscillation has been regarded as a typical instability issue in power systems consisting of hydro turbine synchronous generators due to the water hammer phenomenon. However, the increasing installation of renewable power generators gradually changes the stability mechanisms within multiple frequency bands. In this digest, a new kind of ultra-low frequency oscillation caused by doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) equipped with a df/dt controller in a thermal power generation system is introduced. To reveal the underlying mechanism, the motion equation model of the DFIG is constructed, and the simplified analytical model is proposed. The results show that when integrating a df/dt-controlled DFIG into a normal three-machine, nine-bus system, the damping ratio decreases to more than 0.2 when the virtual inertia parameter increases from 5 to 20, leading to a conflict between fast virtual inertial response and stability requirements. Other controllers related to active power regulation are also vital to stability. The frequency domain characteristics of the system are studied to illustrate the influence of key parameters on system stability. Finally, simulation verifications are conducted in MATLAB/Simulink.
Keywords: df/dt controller; doubly-fed induction generator; thermal power plant; ultra-low frequency oscillation df/dt controller; doubly-fed induction generator; thermal power plant; ultra-low frequency oscillation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Huang, W.; Zhai, S.; Lu, X.; Zhang, X.; Liu, Y.; He, W.; Fang, Y. Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation in a Thermal Power System Induced by Doubly-Fed Induction Generators with Inertia Control. Processes 2025, 13, 1368. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13051368

AMA Style

Huang W, Zhai S, Lu X, Zhang X, Liu Y, He W, Fang Y. Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation in a Thermal Power System Induced by Doubly-Fed Induction Generators with Inertia Control. Processes. 2025; 13(5):1368. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13051368

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huang, Wei, Suwei Zhai, Xuegang Lu, Xiaojie Zhang, Yanjun Liu, Wei He, and Yifan Fang. 2025. "Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation in a Thermal Power System Induced by Doubly-Fed Induction Generators with Inertia Control" Processes 13, no. 5: 1368. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13051368

APA Style

Huang, W., Zhai, S., Lu, X., Zhang, X., Liu, Y., He, W., & Fang, Y. (2025). Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation in a Thermal Power System Induced by Doubly-Fed Induction Generators with Inertia Control. Processes, 13(5), 1368. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13051368

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