Simulation and Analysis of the Working Process of Soil Covering and Compacting of Precision Seeding Units Based on the Coupling Model of DEM with MBD
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Soil Bin Test
2.1.1. Soil Covering Test
2.1.2. Soil Compacting Test
2.1.3. Experimental Results Analysis
2.2. Simulation Study
2.2.1. Precision Seeding Unit Modeling
2.2.2. Particle Modeling
3. Discussion
3.1. Comparison between the Simulated Results and the Experimental Results of the Soil Covering Test
3.2. Comparison between the Simulated Results and the Experimental Results of Soil Compacting Test
4. Conclusions
- With increasing forward velocity, the vertical displacement of seeds after soil covering increased, while the horizontal displacement decreased. The changes in the open angle of the soil covering discs had a significant effect on seed displacement. With increasing open angles of soil covering discs, the vertical and horizontal displacements of seeds decreased.
- With increasing forward velocity, the changes in the vertical and horizontal displacements of seeds after soil compacting appeared non-significant and similar to the seeding depths of the seeds. The seeding depths for the variety of forward velocities were always fluctuating in the range from 30 mm to 50 mm within the theoretical seeding depth.
- The soil covering and compacting working processing was simulated and analyzed by the coupling model of the DEM with MBDs. The comparison between the simulated results and the experimental results showed that the trend was similar and the two results were close. Thus, the feasibility and applicability of the coupling method were verified. It provided a new method for the design and optimization of covering and compacting components in precise seeding monomers.
- Further information about the paper is in the following: the other working apparatus (opener, seeding device, fertilizer drill, etc.) should be analyzed by experiments and simulations; a more complicated model of the precision seeding unit should be established by the coupling method of the DEM with MBDs. The organic matters, such as crop root residues, should be considered when soil modeling.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Granular Diameter, mm | Sample 1, g | Sample 2, g | Sample 3, g | Mean, g | Proportion, % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.05–0.1 | 4.72 | 4.45 | 4.02 | 4.40 | 2.20 |
0.1–0.2 | 29.90 | 29.25 | 27.69 | 28.95 | 14.48 |
0.2–0.3 | 11.15 | 12.22 | 11.05 | 11.47 | 5.74 |
0.3–0.45 | 40.30 | 42.37 | 40.80 | 41.16 | 20.58 |
0.45–1 | 49.43 | 51.82 | 51.34 | 50.86 | 25.43 |
1–2 | 28.52 | 31.44 | 38.38 | 32.78 | 16.39 |
≥2 | 11.54 | 7.95 | 8.39 | 9.29 | 4.65 |
No. | Connector Object | Type of Connectors |
---|---|---|
Joint_1 | Front beam–ground | Translation |
Joint_2 | Front beam–beam | Revolute |
Joint_3 | Beam–covering connecting part | Revolute |
Joint_4 | Covering connecting part–çovering disc 1/covering disc 2 | Revolute |
Joint_5 | Beam–roller | Revolute |
Parameters | Symbol | Soil | Steel | Soybean Seed |
---|---|---|---|---|
Density (kg/m3) | ρ | 1950 | 7850 | 1211 |
Poisson’s ratio | v | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
Shear modulus (Pa) | G | 2.73 × 106 | 7.92 × 1010 | 1.28 × 108 |
Restitution coefficient | e | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.57 |
Static friction coefficient | μ | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
Rolling friction coefficient | μr | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
No. | x | y | z | No. | x | y | z |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1200.000 | −20.000 | 125.000 | 5 | 2400.000 | −20.000 | 125.000 |
2 | 1500.000 | −20.000 | 125.000 | 6 | 2700.000 | −20.000 | 125.000 |
3 | 1800.000 | −20.000 | 125.000 | 7 | 3000.000 | −20.000 | 125.000 |
4 | 2100.000 | −20.000 | 125.000 |
No. | x | y | z | No. | x | y | z |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1174.600 | −58.115 | 129.000 | 5 | 2396.789 | −57.730 | 120.190 |
2 | 1491.774 | −67.713 | 138.900 | 6 | 2683.555 | −59.8447 | 117.000 |
3 | 1798.447 | −57.730 | 119.900 | 7 | 2988.300 | −73.200 | 123.050 |
4 | 2097.109 | −69.130 | 133.290 |
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Xu, T.; Zhang, R.; Wang, Y.; Jiang, X.; Feng, W.; Wang, J. Simulation and Analysis of the Working Process of Soil Covering and Compacting of Precision Seeding Units Based on the Coupling Model of DEM with MBD. Processes 2022, 10, 1103. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10061103
Xu T, Zhang R, Wang Y, Jiang X, Feng W, Wang J. Simulation and Analysis of the Working Process of Soil Covering and Compacting of Precision Seeding Units Based on the Coupling Model of DEM with MBD. Processes. 2022; 10(6):1103. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10061103
Chicago/Turabian StyleXu, Tianyue, Ruxin Zhang, Yang Wang, Xinming Jiang, Weizhi Feng, and Jingli Wang. 2022. "Simulation and Analysis of the Working Process of Soil Covering and Compacting of Precision Seeding Units Based on the Coupling Model of DEM with MBD" Processes 10, no. 6: 1103. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10061103