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Article

Physical Characterization of Material for the Development of Orthopedic Orthosis for Diabetic Foot

by
Karla Camila Lima de Souza
1,
Anderson Marcio de Lima Batista
2,
Eden Batista Duarte
3,
Jonathan Elias Rodrigues Martins
1,
Antônio Nadson Modesto Filho
1,
José William Girão Dias
1,
Diego Felix Dias
2,
Morsyleide de Freitas Rosa
3,
Raquel Martins de Freitas
1,
Stela Mirla da Silva Felipe
1,
Francisco Fleury Uchoa Santos Júnior
4 and
Vânia Marilande Ceccatto
1,*
1
Institute of Biomedical Sciences—ISCB, Ceará State University UECE, Itaperi, Fortaleza 60714-703, CE, Brazil
2
Campus do Pici, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60440-900, CE, Brazil
3
Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Dra Sara Mesquita 2270, Planalto do Pici, Fortaleza 60511-110, CE, Brazil
4
Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza 60714-110, CE, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Processes 2022, 10(5), 884; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10050884
Submission received: 23 March 2022 / Revised: 24 April 2022 / Accepted: 27 April 2022 / Published: 29 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Biological Processes and Systems)
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Abstract

The diabetic foot is characterized by the loss of foot ulcerations and sensitivity. The use of orthopedic orthosis can prevent pathological changes in the diabetic foot. The objective of this study was to characterize materials used for producing orthopedic orthosis: silicone; pre-vulcanized latex of Hevea brasiliensis; Evapod, and Podadur. The Hevea brasiliensis latex material is widely indicated in the literature for biomedical purposes. Physical–mechanical properties were determined (properties of elastic deformation, resistance, durability, lightness, energy absorption, resistance to high temperatures, and chemical composition—ASTM International). In the tensile test, the latex reached 6.02 ± 0.33 MPa, having the best performance among the other materials. In the elastic module, the Podadur stood out, with 28.2 ± 0.89 MPa, compared to silicone with 0.42 ± 0.05 MPa. The most excellent Shore A hardness material was Podadur with 58%. As for the resilience, the Podadur presented a minimum value of 22%, while latex had 63%. Silicone was the densest material, with a density of 1.48 g/cm3, and Evapod and Podadur were the lightest, respectively, at 0.22 g/cm3 and 0.42 g/cm3. Morphologically, Evapod, Podadur, and latex presented open and interconnected cells, characteristics that gave them a more significant water absorption capacity. Silicone was the only material with no empty cells in its structure. In X-ray diffraction, Evapod, Podadur, and silicone materials presented well-defined crystallographic planes, whereas amorphous behavior characterized latex. Thermogravimetry showed weight loss between 240 and 650 °C in the four materials. In the fluorescence test, the presence of metals was observed in the composition of the four materials. Among the materials studied, the Podadur was the material that stood out, with some good properties for the development of orthopedic orthosis.
Keywords: diabetes; orthoses; diabetic foot; silicone; Podadur; Evapod; latex; rubber tree; Hevea brasiliensis diabetes; orthoses; diabetic foot; silicone; Podadur; Evapod; latex; rubber tree; Hevea brasiliensis

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MDPI and ACS Style

de Souza, K.C.L.; de Lima Batista, A.M.; Duarte, E.B.; Martins, J.E.R.; Modesto Filho, A.N.; Dias, J.W.G.; Dias, D.F.; de Freitas Rosa, M.; de Freitas, R.M.; da Silva Felipe, S.M.; et al. Physical Characterization of Material for the Development of Orthopedic Orthosis for Diabetic Foot. Processes 2022, 10, 884. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10050884

AMA Style

de Souza KCL, de Lima Batista AM, Duarte EB, Martins JER, Modesto Filho AN, Dias JWG, Dias DF, de Freitas Rosa M, de Freitas RM, da Silva Felipe SM, et al. Physical Characterization of Material for the Development of Orthopedic Orthosis for Diabetic Foot. Processes. 2022; 10(5):884. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10050884

Chicago/Turabian Style

de Souza, Karla Camila Lima, Anderson Marcio de Lima Batista, Eden Batista Duarte, Jonathan Elias Rodrigues Martins, Antônio Nadson Modesto Filho, José William Girão Dias, Diego Felix Dias, Morsyleide de Freitas Rosa, Raquel Martins de Freitas, Stela Mirla da Silva Felipe, and et al. 2022. "Physical Characterization of Material for the Development of Orthopedic Orthosis for Diabetic Foot" Processes 10, no. 5: 884. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10050884

APA Style

de Souza, K. C. L., de Lima Batista, A. M., Duarte, E. B., Martins, J. E. R., Modesto Filho, A. N., Dias, J. W. G., Dias, D. F., de Freitas Rosa, M., de Freitas, R. M., da Silva Felipe, S. M., Santos Júnior, F. F. U., & Ceccatto, V. M. (2022). Physical Characterization of Material for the Development of Orthopedic Orthosis for Diabetic Foot. Processes, 10(5), 884. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10050884

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