Fundamental Study on Hydrogen Low-NOx Combustion Using Exhaust Gas Self-Recirculation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experiments and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Combustion Stability
3.2. Temperature Distribution
3.3. NOx Emissions Characteristics
3.4. Relationship between Excess Air Ratio “λ” and NOx
3.5. Relationship between Adiabatic Flame Temperature “Tf” and NOx
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- When hydrogen was burned using a burner with city gas specifications, NOx increased twice as much due to the increase in flame temperature.
- (2)
- When the air nozzles diameter was reduced and the air flow velocity was increased by a factor of 1.4, the amount of fuel gas drawn into the air nozzle increased and the local air ratio decreased, resulting in an increase in NOx.
- (3)
- When the combustion air nozzle diameter was reduced and the combustion air flow velocity was doubled, NOx increased under low hydrogen mixing ratio conditions as same as mentioned above, but NOx reduced under high hydrogen mixing ratio conditions due to exhaust gas recirculation.
- (4)
- When the number of air nozzles was reduced to half instead of the air nozzles diameter and the combustion air velocity was doubled, NOx was reduced at all co-firing rates, and a 50% reduction was successfully achieved in hydrogen combustion. And the NOx in this case was almost equal to the NOx in the case of city gas combustion in the city gas model.
- (5)
- By reducing the number of air nozzles, the distance between air nozzles became larger, resulting in a larger EGR ratio. As a result, misfire occurred in hydrocarbon combustion, but in hydrogen combustion, stable combustion could be continued without abnormal combustion.
- (6)
- When the number of air nozzles was reduced to half, the exhaust gas recirculation rate was about 10%, which was assumed from the adiabatic flame temperature simulated by the equilibrium calculation of chemical kinetics simulator software.
- (7)
- It was confirmed that low-NOx combustion by exhaust gas recirculation is possible in hydrogen combustion.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | Case | Air Nozzles Diameter Da [mm] | Number of Air Nozzles N | Gas Velocity Ratio Va/Vf |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | φ11.9 × 8 | 11.9 | 8 | 2.36 |
2 | φ10.2 × 8 | 10.2 | 8 | 3.21 |
3 | φ8.4 × 8 | 8.4 | 8 | 4.74 |
4 | φ11.9 × 4 | 11.9 | 4 | 4.72 |
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Kikuchi, K.; Hori, T.; Akamatsu, F. Fundamental Study on Hydrogen Low-NOx Combustion Using Exhaust Gas Self-Recirculation. Processes 2022, 10, 130. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10010130
Kikuchi K, Hori T, Akamatsu F. Fundamental Study on Hydrogen Low-NOx Combustion Using Exhaust Gas Self-Recirculation. Processes. 2022; 10(1):130. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10010130
Chicago/Turabian StyleKikuchi, Kenta, Tsukasa Hori, and Fumiteru Akamatsu. 2022. "Fundamental Study on Hydrogen Low-NOx Combustion Using Exhaust Gas Self-Recirculation" Processes 10, no. 1: 130. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10010130
APA StyleKikuchi, K., Hori, T., & Akamatsu, F. (2022). Fundamental Study on Hydrogen Low-NOx Combustion Using Exhaust Gas Self-Recirculation. Processes, 10(1), 130. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10010130