Evaluating in the Real-World Educational Intervention to Improve Interference Control in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder †
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Program Intervention
2.4. Instruments
2.5. Procedure
2.6. Data Quality Control Analysis
2.7. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion and Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Age (Months) | IQ | WM | PS | ADOS | IDEA | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |
ASDL1 Group | 83 | 11 | 101.25 | 12.33 | 97 | 3.74 | 90.25 | 2.5 | 7.25 | 0.95 | 3.3 | 0.67 |
ASDL2 Group | 101.25 | 29.78 | 62.00 | 10.46 | 66.75 | 3.5 | 72.75 | 1.7 | 10.5 | 1.29 | 4.3 | 0.53 |
Executor | Lag −5 | Lag −4 | Lag −3 | Lag −2 | Lag −1 | Criterion Behavior | Lag +1 | Lag +2 | Lag +3 | Lag +4 | Lag +5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASDL1 Group | CDirCt 5.96 | Ih 3.54 | CDirCt 4.09 | Rep 4.18 | Ed 8.77 | CDir | Ec 4.24 | Ct 6.2 | Ih 3.38 | CDirCt 4.15 | |
CinUst 2.21 | Mh 2.16 | CinUst | Mh 4.61 | CinUst 2.98 | |||||||
Cm 8.49 | UstWDir 8.43 | Dh 8.6 | Ih 3.18 | UstCDir | Ec 6.12 | CinCst 1.97 | |||||
Cm 6.4 | UstWDir | Dh 8.72 | Ih 2.15 | UstWDir 8.49 | Ec 8.54 | ||||||
Adult | UstWDir 5.92 | Ih 3.26 | Ed 4.18 | UstCDir 6.16 | Ec | Ct 8.72 | CDirCt 5.96 | ||||
Cm 5.92 | UstWDir 8.77 | Dh | Ih 2.59 | UstCDir 8.83 Rep 2.15 | Dh 5.96 | ||||||
UstWDir 2.71 | Ih | UstWDir 3.83 | |||||||||
CinUst 3.96 | Mh | CinUst 2.02 | CinUst 2.08 | ||||||||
Cm | UstWDir 6.2 | Dh 5.96 | |||||||||
Ct 5.96 | CDir 4.09 | Ih 2.18 | As 6.16 | Rep | Ed 4.24 | CDir 4.3 | Ih 3.38 | CinCst 1.99 |
Executor | Lag −5 | Lag −4 | Lag −3 | Lag −2 | Lag −1 | Criterion Behavior | Lag +1 | Lag +2 | Lag +3 | Lag +4 | Lag +5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASDL1 Group | Mh 2.34 | Ed 2.25 CinUst 2.87 | Mh 2.68 | CinUst | Mh 6.14 | CinUst 2.45 | Ih 2.2 | Ed 1.98 | |||
Ih 3.49 | Ed 2.3 Ned 5.86 | WinUst 5.26 | Esd 5.18 | Ed 7.78 WinUst 3.35 | CinCst | WinCst 5.16 | UstWDir 5.12 | Ed 2.74 | |||
CstCDir 11.62 | WinCst 4.08 | CinCst 5.18 | WinCst | Mh 1.98 | |||||||
Ned 3.58 | Ih 2.98 | Esd 3.6 | WinUst | RNinCst 5.1 | Ed 5.28 Ih 5.08 | ||||||
Mh 2.38 | UstWDir | De 5.79 | |||||||||
Adult | Ed 2.29 | CstDir 5.14 | Ih 3.52 | Per 5.18 | CinCst 2.01 WinUst 7.2 | Ec | WinCst 5.18 | CinCst 1.99 | WinUst 1.98 | ||
Ned 3.8 | UstWDir 2.6 | Dh | Ed 3.73 CinUst 3.22 | CstCDir 2.58 | CinUst 2.51 | Mh 2.52 | Esd 2.55 | ||||
Ned 4.69 | Ih | Ned 4.67 | WinUst 5.72 | Ed 3.95 | CinCst 3.48 | ||||||
Mh 2.35 | CinCst 2.15 | CinUst 2.58 | CinUst 6 | Mh | UstWDir 1.99 | Ed 1.97 | CinUst 2.51 | WinUst 2.87 | |||
CinUst 2.36 | CinCst 2.77 | WinCst 6.76 | Cm | CinUst 2.17 | Mh 2.06 |
Executor | Lag −5 | Lag −4 | Lag −3 | Lag −2 | Lag −1 | Criterion Behavior | Lag +1 | Lag +2 | Lag +3 | Lag +4 | Lag +5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASDL1 Group | CinUst 4.35 | Ih 2.62 Mh 2.3 | CinUst | Mh 4.17 | CinUst 4.19 | CinUst 2.18 | |||||
Ct 6.1 | WinUst 3.16 | WinUst 7.43 | Esd 8.74 | CinCst | Mh 2.85 | ||||||
PerWDir 3.03 | Ec 2.2 | Ct 4.28 | WinUst 3.16 | Rep 4.1 | WinUst | Esd 6.08 | CinCst 5.6 WinUst 2.17 | CinCst 3.55 | |||
WinUst 6.1 | Esd | CinCst 11.31 | Mh 3.25 | ||||||||
Adult | Ub 4.45 | Ih 2.54 | WinUst 2.55 | Rep 7.89 | WinUst 2.22 | Ec | Ub 3.83 | ||||
PerWDir 2.95 | Ec 4.19 | Dh | CDir 4.19 | ||||||||
WinUst 2.01 | Ih | Aev 4.08 | CinCst 3.35 | PerWDir 2.71 | Esd 4.06 | CinCst 3.83 | |||||
WDirCt 2.07 | Cm 2.08 | PerWDir 2.09 | Esd 2.97 | CinCst 2.42 CinUst 2.85 | Mh | UstWDir 2.97 | |||||
CinUst 2.09 | Ih 2.54 | CinUst 2 | Mh 2.25 | Cm | Mh 2.52 | Ih 2.37 | Ih 2.55 | CDirCt 5.54 | |||
Ec 2.19 | UstWDir 2.86 | Ec 2.21 | ErDirCt 4.29 | WinUst 3.65 | Rep | CinCst 2.22 WinUst 2.17 | Ec 7.47 |
Executor | Lag −5 | Lag −4 | Lag −3 | Lag −2 | Lag −1 | Criterion Behavior | Lag +1 | Lag +2 | Lag +3 | Lag +4 | Lag +5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASDL1 Group | UstCDir 2.83 | UstCDir 2.66 | UstCDir 2.55 | UstCDir 2.34 | CinUst | Mh 7.11 | |||||
Ned 2.85 | Ned 5.29 UstWDir 2.39 | UstWDir 3.64 | Ih 3.67 | Ed 9.63 | CinCst | ||||||
UstCDir 3.73 | UstCDir | UstCDir 3.61 | CinUst 2.07 UstCDir 2.44 | CinUst 2.13 | CinUst 2.14 | CinUst 2.16 Mh 2.47 | |||||
UstWDir | Ih 7.55 | Ed 5.17 Ih 2.68 | Ed 2.85 | CinCst 3.59 | |||||||
Adult | Ned 6.11 | Dh | Ed 2.99 Ned 4.14 | ||||||||
UstCDir 2.34 | Ih | Ed 5.39 Ned 3.4 | CinCst 2.86 | Ned 3.55 | |||||||
UstCDir 3.24 | UstWDir 2.39 | CinUst 4.58 | Mh 4.51 | Mh |
Executor | Lag −5 | Lag −4 | Lag −3 | Lag −2 | Lag −1 | Criterion Behavior | Lag +1 | Lag +2 | Lag +3 | Lag +4 | Lag +5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASDL2 Group | CinUst | Mh 3.2 | |||||||||
WinUst | Ih 3.48 | WDir 3 | Ec 2.18 | Ih 2.71 | |||||||
Adult | Nae 4 WDir 4 | Ec | Ed 2.64 | CDir 2.64 | Nae 3.91 | Ec 2.71 Cm 2.61 | |||||
Dh 2.25 | Dh 3.83 | Dh | Dh 2.71 | ||||||||
WinUst 3.67 Ek 2.71 | Ih | Ec 2.5 | Ec 2.97 | Cm 2.67 | CDir 3.88 | ||||||
Ec 2.55 | Ih 2.15 | CDir 4.9 | Mh 3.39 | Cm | Ih 2.21 | Ec 2.18 |
Executor | Lag −5 | Lag −4 | Lag −3 | Lag −2 | Lag −1 | Criterion Behavior | Lag +1 | Lag +2 | Lag +3 | Lag +4 | Lag +5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CinUst 2.11 | CinUst | Mh 3.13 | |||||||||
ASDL2 Group | ApW 4.43 | WinUst 7.87 | Esd 7.94 | CinCst | |||||||
ApW 5.57 | WinUst | Esd 7.87 | CinCst 7.81 | ||||||||
Adult | CinUst 3.2 | Mh | Dh 2.44 | Dh 2.32 | |||||||
Cm | Rep 7.87 | EkRc 5.48 |
Executor | Lag −5 | Lag −4 | Lag −3 | Lag −2 | Lag −1 | Criterion Behavior | Lag +1 | Lag +2 | Lag +3 | Lag +4 | Lag +5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASDL2 Group | CinUst 2.91 | Mh 2.16 | CinUst 2.16 | Mh 2.78 | CinUst | Mh 3.25 | CinUst 2.6 | CinUst 2.24 | |||
WinUst 7.75 | Dh 3.79 | UstWDir 7.84 | Esd 11.18 | CinCst | Ct 5.5 | ||||||
Dh 2.96 | WinUst 5.43 | Esd 7.81 ApW 2.73 | Dh 3.01 | WinUst | Ec 7.84 Dh 3 | Ed 7.81 | UstWDir 3.74 | WinUst 5.41 | |||
UstWDir | Dh 4.28 Esd 3.77 | ||||||||||
Adult | ApW 4.86 | Dh 3.82 | WinUst 7.87 | Ec | Ed 11.14 | WinUst 11.05 | Dh 3.77 | ||||
WinUst 2.49 | Ec 3.79 | UstWDir 2.51 | UstWDir 3.62 CstCDir 2.54 | Dh | CstDir 5.43 WinUst 2.53 | Dh 3.81 | Esd 3.79 | CinCst 3.77 | WinUst 2.48 | ||
Esd 2.96 | Mh 2.95 | Esd 2.21 | CinUst 3 | Mh | Ap 3.96 | Mh 2.12 | CinUst 2.29 | Ih 3.27 | Ct 3.18 |
Executor | Lag −5 | Lag −4 | Lag −3 | Lag −2 | Lag −1 | Criterion Behavior | Lag +1 | Lag +2 | Lag +3 | Lag +4 | Lag +5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASDL2 Group | CinUst | Mh 3.56 | EkRc 3.35 | ||||||||
Mh 3.32 | UstWDir 6.93 | Dh 9.9 | Ed 9.95 | CinCst | |||||||
UstCDir | UstCDir 2.49 | UstCDir 2.76 | CinCst 6.89 | ||||||||
Mh 2.35 | Mh 4.79 | Ned 7 | UstWDir | Dh 6.96 | Ed 6.93 | ||||||
Adult | Mh 3.32 | Mh 3.14 | UstWDir 7 | Dh | Ed 9.9 | CinCst 9.85 | Dh 3.13 | ||||
CinUst 3.91 | Mh | Ned 3.16 | UstWDir 4.47 | Ed 3.32 UstWDir 2.14 | |||||||
CinUst 4.04 | Mh 3.76 | ApW 5.59 | Cm |
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Escolano-Pérez, E.; Acero-Ferrero, M. Evaluating in the Real-World Educational Intervention to Improve Interference Control in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Children 2022, 9, 1294. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9091294
Escolano-Pérez E, Acero-Ferrero M. Evaluating in the Real-World Educational Intervention to Improve Interference Control in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Children. 2022; 9(9):1294. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9091294
Chicago/Turabian StyleEscolano-Pérez, Elena, and Marian Acero-Ferrero. 2022. "Evaluating in the Real-World Educational Intervention to Improve Interference Control in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder" Children 9, no. 9: 1294. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9091294