Addressing Common Pain Syndromes in Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant: A Review
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Discussion
3.1. Mucositis
3.2. Abdominal Pain
3.3. Hemorrhagic Cystitis
3.4. Psychological Pain or Distress
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Keating, A.K.; Langenhorst, J.; Wagner, J.E.; Page, K.M.; Veys, P.; Wynn, R.F.; Stefanski, H.; Elfeky, R.; Giller, R.; Mitchell, R.; et al. The influence of stem cell source on transplant outcomes for pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood Adv. 2019, 3, 1118–1128. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Bhojwani, D.; Pui, C.H. Relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Lancet Oncol. 2013, 14, e205-17. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Barrera, M.; Atenafu, E. Cognitive, educational, psychosocial adjustment and quality of life of children who survive hematopoietic SCT and their siblings. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2008, 42, 15–21. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lafond, D.A.; Patterson Kelly, K.; Hinds, P.S.; Sill, A.; Michael, M. Establishing Feasibility of Early Palliative Care Consultation in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. J. Pediatr. Oncol. Nurs. 2015, 32, 265–277. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mekelenkamp, H.; Schröder, T.; Trigoso, E.; Hutt, D.; Galimard, J.E.; Kozijn, A.; Dalissier, A.; Gjergji, M.; Liptrott, S.; Kenyon, M.; et al. Specialized Pediatric Palliative Care Services in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Centers. Children 2021, 8, 615. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ma, J.D.; El-Jawahri, A.R.; LeBlanc, T.W.; Roeland, E.J. Pain Syndromes and Management in Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Hematol. Oncol. Clin. N. Am. 2018, 32, 551–567. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Vasquenza, K.; Ruble, K.; Chen, A.; Billett, C.; Kozlowski, L.; Atwater, S.; Kost-Byerly, S. Pain Management for Children during Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation. Pain Manag. Nurs. 2015, 16, 156–162. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liem, X.; Saad, F.; Delouya, G. A Practical Approach to the Management of Radiation-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis. Drugs 2015, 75, 1471–1482. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Anghelescu, D.L.; Burgoyne, L.L.; Oakes, L.L.; Wallace, D.A. The safety of patient-controlled analgesia by proxy in pediatric oncology patients. Anesth. Analg. 2005, 101, 1623–1627. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Brown, T.J.; Gupta, A. Management of Cancer Therapy-Associated Oral Mucositis. JCO Oncol. Pract. 2020, 16, 103–109. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sung, L.; Robinson, P.; Treister, N.; Baggott, T.; Gibson, P.; Tissing, W.; Wiernikowski, J.; Brinklow, J.; Dupuis, L.L. Guideline for the prevention of oral and oropharyngeal mucositis in children receiving treatment for cancer or undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. BMJ Support. Palliat. Care 2017, 7, 7–16. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Daugelaite, G.; Užkuraitytė, K.; Jagelavičienė, E.; Filipauskas, A. Prevention and Treatment of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis. Medicina 2019, 55, 25. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bowen, J.M.; Wardill, H.R. Advances in the understanding and management of mucositis during stem cell transplantation. Curr Opin. Support. Palliat. Care 2017, 11, 341–346. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hordonneau, C.; Montoriol, P.F.; Guièze, R.; Garcier, J.M.; Da Ines, D. Abdominal complications following neutropenia and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: CT findings. Clin. Radiol. 2013, 68, 620–626. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Barker, C.C.; Anderson, R.A.; Sauve, R.S.; Butzner, J.D. GI complications in pediatric patients post-BMT. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2005, 36, 51–58. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chan, S.S.; Colecchia, A.; Duarte, R.F.; Bonifazi, F.; Ravaioli, F.; Bourhis, J.H. Imaging in Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease/Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 2020, 26, 1770–1779. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Bonifazi, F.; Barbato, F.; Ravaioli, F.; Sessa, M.; Defrancesco, I.; Arpinati, M.; Cavo, M.; Colecchia, A. Diagnosis and Treatment of VOD/SOS After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Front. Immunol. 2020, 11, 489. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Bosilkovska, M.; Walder, B.; Besson, M.; Daali, Y.; Desmeules, J. Analgesics in patients with hepatic impairment: Pharmacology and clinical implications. Drugs 2012, 72, 1645–1669. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zaia, J.; Baden, L.; Boeckh, M.J.; Chakrabarti, S.; Einsele, H.; Ljungman, P.P.; McDonald, G.B.; Hirsch, H. Viral disease prevention after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2009, 44, 471–482. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Corman, J.M.; McClure, D.; Pritchett, R.; Kozlowski, P.; Neil, B.; Hampson, N.B. Treatment of radiation induced hemorrhagic cystitis with hyperbaric oxygen. J. Urol. 2003, 169, 2200–2202. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hassan, Z. Management of refractory hemorrhagic cystitis following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children. Pediatr. Transplant. 2011, 15, 348–361. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Anghelescu, D.L.; Snaman, J.M.; Trujillo, L.; Sykes, A.D.; Yuan, Y.; Baker, J.N. Patient-controlled analgesia at the end of life at a pediatric oncology institution. Pediatr. Blood Cancer 2015, 62, 1237–1244. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Duckett, J.W.; Cangiano, T.; Cubina, M.; Howe, C.; Cohen, D. Intravesical morphine analgesia after bladder surgery. J. Urol. 1997, 157, 1407–1409. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bosch, P.C.; Bosch, D.C. Treating interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome as a chronic disease. Rev. Urol. 2014, 16, 83–87. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Packman, W.; Weber, S.; Wallace, J.; Bugescu, N. Psychological effects of hematopoietic SCT on pediatric patients, siblings and parents: A review. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010, 45, 1134–1146. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pot-Mees, C. The Psychosocial Effects of Bone Marrow Transplantation in Children; Eburon: Delft, The Netherlands, 1989. [Google Scholar]
- Barrera, M.; Boyd-Pringle, L.-A.; Sumbler, K.; Saunders, F. Quality of life and behavioral adjustment after pediatric bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000, 26, 427–435. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed][Green Version]
- Phipps, S.; Brenner, M.; Heslop, H.; Krance, R.; Jayawardene, D.; Mulhern, R. Psychological effects of bone marrow transplantation on children and adolescents: Preliminary report of a longitudinal study. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1995, 15, 829–835. [Google Scholar]
- Chang, G.; Ratichek, S.J.; Recklitis, C.; Syrjala, K.; Patel, S.K.; Harris, L.; Rodday, A.M.; Tighiouart, H.; Parsons, S.K. Children’s psychological distress during pediatric HSCT: Parent and child perspectives. Pediatr. Blood Cancer 2012, 58, 289–296. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Felder-Puig, R.; di Gallo, A.; Waldenmair, M.; Norden, P.; Winter, A.; Gadner, H.; Topf, R. Health-related quality of life of pediatric patients receiving allogeneic stem cell or bone marrow transplantation: Results of a longitudinal, multi-center study. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2006, 38, 119–126. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Clarke, S.A.; Eiser, C.; Skinner, R. Health-related quality of life in survivors of BMT for paediatric malignancy: A systematic review of the literature. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2008, 42, 73–82. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Levine, D.R.; Van Noy, K.; Talleur, A.C.; Snyder, A.; Kaye, E.C.; Baker, J.N. Thoughts from the threshold: Patient and family hopes, fears, values, and goals at the onset of pediatric hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2020, 55, 1103–1113. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Levine, D.R.; Baker, J.N.; Wolfe, J.; Lehmann, L.E.; Ullrich, C. Strange Bedfellows No More: How Integrated Stem-Cell Transplantation and Palliative Care Programs Can Together Improve End-of-Life Care. J. Oncol. Pract. 2017, 13, 569–577. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wiener, L.; Kazak, A.E.; Noll, R.B.; Patenaude, A.F.; Kupst, M.J. Standards for the Psychosocial Care of Children with Cancer and Their Families: An Introduction to the Special Issue. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015, 62 (Suppl. S5), S419–S424. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Barker, M.M.; Beresford, B.; Bland, M.; Fraser, L.K. Prevalence and Incidence of Anxiety and Depression Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Life-Limiting Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2019, 173, 835–844. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fisher, E.; Law, E.; Dudeney, J.; Palermo, T.M.; Stewart, G.; Eccleston, C. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2018, 9, CD003968. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Puchalski, C.; Ferrell, B.; Virani, R.; Otis-Green, S.; Baird, P.; Bull, J.; Chochinov, H.; Handzo, G.; Nelson-Becker, H.; Prince-Paul, M.; et al. Improving the quality of spiritual care as a dimension of palliative care: The report of the Consensus Conference. J. Palliat. Med. 2009, 12, 885–904. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Anandarajah, G.; Hight, E. Spirituality and medical practice: Using the HOPE questions as a practical tool for spiritual assessment. Am. Fam. Physician 2001, 63, 81–89. [Google Scholar]
- Snyder, C.R.; Hoza, B.; Pelham, W.E.; Rapoff, M.; Ware, L.; Danovsky, M.; Highberger, L.; Rubinstein, H.; Stahl, K.J. The development and validation of the Children’s Hope Scale. J. Pediatr. Psychol. 1997, 22, 399–421. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Plummer, K.; McCarthy, M.; McKenzie, I.; Newall, F.; Manias, E. Experiences of Pain in Hospitalized Children During Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Therapy. Qual. Health Res. 2021, 31, 2247–2259. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Opioid | Demand (PCA) Dose (Dose Range) | Lock-Out Interval (Minutes) | 1-h Dose Limit (Optional) | Continuous Rate (Basal) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Morphine (mg) | 0.01–0.03 mg/kg | 10–30 min | 5 doses per hour | 0–0.03 mg/kg/h |
Hydromorphone (mg) | 0.003–0.004 mg/kg | 10–30 min | 5 doses per hour | 0–0.004 mg/kg/h |
Fentanyl (mcg) | 0.5–1 mg/kg | 10–30 min | 5 doses per hour | 0–0.5 mcg/kg/h |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Harden, A.; Kresta, K.; Itzep, N. Addressing Common Pain Syndromes in Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant: A Review. Children 2022, 9, 139. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9020139
Harden A, Kresta K, Itzep N. Addressing Common Pain Syndromes in Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant: A Review. Children. 2022; 9(2):139. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9020139
Chicago/Turabian StyleHarden, Avis, Kimberly Kresta, and Nelda Itzep. 2022. "Addressing Common Pain Syndromes in Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant: A Review" Children 9, no. 2: 139. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9020139
APA StyleHarden, A., Kresta, K., & Itzep, N. (2022). Addressing Common Pain Syndromes in Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant: A Review. Children, 9(2), 139. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9020139