Intimate Dynamics and Relationship Satisfaction among LGB Adolescents: The Role of Sexual Minority Oppression
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic Characteristics
3.2. Intimate Dynamics
3.3. Levels of Satisfaction
3.4. Levels of Oppression
3.5. Relationship Satisfaction and Oppression
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Category | N | % |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 80 | 44% |
Female | 102 | 56% | |
Sexual Orientation | Gay | 76 | 42% |
Lesbian | 62 | 34% | |
Bisexual | 44 | 24% | |
Marital Status | Single | 151 | 83% |
Married | 3 | 2% | |
Civil Union | 9 | 5% | |
Cohabitation | 19 | 10% | |
Occupational Status | Student | 141 | 77.4% |
Employed | 41 | 22.6% | |
Education | Complete Primary | 11 | 6% |
Complete Secondary | 95 | 52% | |
College/University Degree/Attendance | 76 | 42% | |
Economic Status | Low | 62 | 34% |
Average | 98 | 54% | |
High | 22 | 12% | |
Place of residence | Urban | 167 | 92% |
Rural | 15 | 8% |
Variables | Categories | N | % |
---|---|---|---|
How they Met | Through friends | 33 | 18% |
At school/university | 47 | 26% | |
Through the internet | 55 | 30% | |
At a social event | 15 | 8% | |
Other | 32 | 18% | |
Type of Discrimination Felt | None | 76 | 42% |
Family rejection | 55 | 30% | |
Other | 51 | 28% | |
Planning to Have Children | Yes | 106 | 58% |
No | 76 | 42% | |
Monogamous | Yes | 138 | 76% |
No | 44 | 24% | |
Relationship Problems (multiple options) | Jealousy | 124 | 68% |
Communication | 120 | 66% | |
Friendships | 98 | 54% | |
Lack of trust | 55 | 30% | |
Sexual problems | 40 | 22% | |
Changes in love | 40 | 22% | |
Financial problems | 33 | 18% | |
Health problems | 29 | 16% | |
Verbal violence | 25 | 14% | |
Physical violence | 4 | 2% | |
Sexual violence | 4 | 2% | |
Support Sought | Yes | 29 | 16% |
No | 153 | 84% | |
Level of Commitment | For life | 66 | 36% |
For the long-term | 80 | 44% | |
For the time being | 22 | 12% | |
For a short period of time | 14 | 8% | |
Major Sources of Support as a Couple (multiple options) | Straight friends | 138 | 76% |
Gay friends | 109 | 60% | |
Lesbian friends | 95 | 52% | |
Other gay or lesbian couples | 76 | 42% | |
Mother | 73 | 40% | |
Brothers or sisters | 58 | 32% | |
Community groups | 47 | 26% | |
Other family members | 33 | 18% |
Variables | Categories | M | SD | t/F(df) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Level of Satisfaction with the Relationship | - | 8.10 | 1.58 | - | - |
Level of Satisfaction by Gender | Male | 8.41 | 1.08 | 1.232 (48) | 0.228 |
Female | 7.86 | 1.90 | |||
Level of Satisfaction by Sexual Orientation | Gay | 8.45 | .99 | 0.438 (2;46) | 0.648 |
Lesbian | 8.18 | 1.70 | |||
Bisexual | 7.92 | 1.24 | |||
Level of Satisfaction by Relationship Arrangement | Monogamous | 8.41 | 1.27 | 2.730 (40) | 0.008 * |
Non-monogamous | 6.33 | 1.15 | |||
Level of Satisfaction by Level of Commitment | For life | 8.67 | 0.84 | 16.287 (2;47) | 0.000 ** |
For the long-term | 8.55 | 0.96 | |||
For the time being | 6.10 | 2.13 | |||
Level of Satisfaction by Length of Relationship (Median = 8.5 months) | Shorter length | 7.75 | 1.92 | −1.770 (46) | 0.043 * |
Longer length | 8.54 | 1.06 |
Variables | Categories | Couple’s Issues | Dangers to Safety | Exclusion, Rejection, and Separation | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M(SD) | t/F(df)/p | M(SD) | t/F(df)/p | M(SD) | t/F(df)/p | ||
Gender | Male | 11.77 (3.65) | 0.196 (48)/0.845 | 4.31 (2.27) | 1.447(48)/0.154 | 13.72 (5.64) | 0.280(48)/0.780 |
Female | 11.57 (3.55) | 3.42 (2.06) | 13.25 (6.22) | ||||
Sexual Orientation | Gay | 11.55 (3.84) | 0.022 (2;46)/0.978 | 4.30 (2.25) | 1.009(2;46)/0.373 | 13.75 (5.73) | 1.968(2;46)/0.151 |
Lesbian | 11.64 (3.95) | 3.82 (2.37) | 15.17 (6.23) | ||||
Bisexual | 11.83 (2.85) | 3.16 (1.74) | 10.83 (5.40) | ||||
Type of Relationship Arrangement | Monogamous | 11.17 (3.50) | −2.508 (40)/.016 * | 3.71 (2.12) | −0.222 (40)/0.825 | 13.23 (5.80) | −1.746(40)/0.049 * |
Non-monogamous | 16.33 (1.52) | 4.00 (2.00) | 19.33 (6.42) | ||||
Expected Length of Relationship | For life | 10.83 (3.01) | 2.748 (2;47)/0.034 * | 3.83 (2.66) | 0.019(2;47)/0.981 | 11.66 (5.46) | 2.464(2;47)/0.046 * |
For the long-term | 11.31 (4.01) | 3.86 (2.03) | 13.45 (6.20) | ||||
For the time being | 13.90 (2.64) | 3.70 (1.70) | 16.70 (5.12) | ||||
Length of Relationship | Shorter length | 11.20 (3.87) | −0.754 (46)/0.454 | 3.87 (2.00) | −0.065(46)/0.948 | 12.08 (5.50) | −1.460 (46)/0.151 |
Longer length | 12.00 (3.37) | 3.91 (2.41) | 14.58 (6.33) |
Variables | Categories | Internalized Homonegativity | Overall LGB Oppression | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M(SD) | t/F(df)/p | M(SD) | t/F(df)/p | ||
Gender | Male | 7.40 (3.47) | 0.089(48)/0.929 | 40.63 (13.95) | 0.417(48)/0.678 |
Female | 7.32(3.41) | 39.00 (13.62) | |||
Sexual Orientation | Gay | 7.35 (3.49) | 0.034(2;46)/0.967 | 40.45 (14.29) | 0.438(2;46)/0.648 |
Lesbian | 7.41 (3.80) | 41.29 (14.73) | |||
Bisexual | 7.08 (2.93) | 36.58 (12.02) | |||
Type of Relationship Arrangement | Monogamous | 6.71 (3.05) | −2.685(40)/0.011 * | 37.82 (12.55) | −2.813 (40)/0.008 * |
Non-monogamous | 11.66 (3.51) | 59.00 (12.76) | |||
Expected Length of Relationship | For life | 6.88 (3.69) | 2.124(2;47)/0.131 | 36.61 (14.15) | 2.051 (2;47)/0.140 |
For the long-term | 6.86 (2.93) | 38.90 (13.09) | |||
For the time being | 9.30 (3.46) | 47.10 (12.44) | |||
Length of Relationship | Shorter length | 7.16 (3.61) | −0.172 (46)/0.864 | 37.70 (15.23) | −0.889 (46)/0.379 |
Longer length | 7.33 (3.08) | 41.25 (12.20) |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1—Couple’s Issues | 1 | |||||
2—Dangers to Safety | 0.289 * | 1 | ||||
3—Exclusion, Rejection, and Separation | 0.507 ** | 0.449 ** | 1 | |||
4—Internalized Homonegativity | 0.694 ** | 0.416 ** | 0.514 ** | 1 | ||
5—Overall Levels of Oppression | 0.797 ** | 0.602 ** | 0.835 ** | 0.843 ** | 1 | |
6—Relationship Satisfaction | −0.258 | −0.151 | −0.203 | −0.309 * | −0.286 * | 1 |
Predictor | R2 | β | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Step 1 | 0.322 | 0.012 * | ||
Age | −0.308 | 0.048 * | ||
Gender | −0.064 | 0.725 | ||
Sexual orientation | −0.113 | 0.521 | ||
Length of relationship | 0.152 | 0.302 | ||
Relationship arrangement | −0.130 | 0.350 | ||
Level of commitment | −0.530 | 0.001 * | ||
Step 2 | 0.366 | 0.043 * | ||
Age | −0.420 | 0.031 * | ||
Gender | −0.040 | 0.831 | ||
Sexual orientation | −0.195 | 0.304 | ||
Length of relationship | 0.243 | 0.146 | ||
Relationship arrangement | −0.156 | 0.288 | ||
Level of commitment | −0.476 | 0.005 * | ||
Couple’s issues | 0.018 | 0.930 | ||
Dangers to safety | −0.019 | 0.910 | ||
Exclusion, rejection, and separation | −0.298 | 0.046 * | ||
Internalized homonegativity | 0.159 | 0.486 |
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Pereira, H.; Esgalhado, G. Intimate Dynamics and Relationship Satisfaction among LGB Adolescents: The Role of Sexual Minority Oppression. Children 2021, 8, 231. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8030231
Pereira H, Esgalhado G. Intimate Dynamics and Relationship Satisfaction among LGB Adolescents: The Role of Sexual Minority Oppression. Children. 2021; 8(3):231. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8030231
Chicago/Turabian StylePereira, Henrique, and Graça Esgalhado. 2021. "Intimate Dynamics and Relationship Satisfaction among LGB Adolescents: The Role of Sexual Minority Oppression" Children 8, no. 3: 231. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8030231