Multidisciplinary Pain Management for Pediatric Patients with Acute and Chronic Pain: A Foundational Treatment Approach When Prescribing Opioids
by
Anava A. Wren 1, Alexandra C. Ross 2, Genevieve D’Souza 3, Christina Almgren 3, Amanda Feinstein 3, Amanda Marshall 4 and Brenda Golianu 3,*
Anava A. Wren 1, Alexandra C. Ross 2, Genevieve D’Souza 3, Christina Almgren 3, Amanda Feinstein 3, Amanda Marshall 4 and Brenda Golianu 3,*
1
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
2
Department of Pediatrics, Child and Adolescent Headache Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
3
Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
4
Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Children 2019, 6(2), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/children6020033
Received: 11 December 2018 / Revised: 7 February 2019 / Accepted: 13 February 2019 / Published: 21 February 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implementing Pediatric Integrative Medicine in Practice)
Opioid therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for acute procedural and postoperative pain and is regularly prescribed for severe and debilitating chronic pain conditions. Although beneficial for many patients, opioid therapy may have side effects, limited efficacy, and potential negative outcomes. Multidisciplinary pain management treatments incorporating pharmacological and integrative non-pharmacological therapies have been shown to be effective in acute and chronic pain management for pediatric populations. A multidisciplinary approach can also benefit psychological functioning and quality of life, and may have the potential to reduce reliance on opioids. The aims of this paper are to: (1) provide a brief overview of a multidisciplinary pain management approach for pediatric patients with acute and chronic pain, (2) highlight the mechanisms of action and evidence base of commonly utilized integrative non-pharmacological therapies in pediatric multidisciplinary pain management, and (3) explore the opioid sparing effects of multidisciplinary treatment for pediatric pain.
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Keywords:
multidisciplinary pain management strategies; opioid reduction therapy; non-pharmacological therapy; cognitive behavioral therapy; hypnosis; mindfulness-based stress reduction; acupuncture; pain rehabilitation
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MDPI and ACS Style
Wren, A.A.; Ross, A.C.; D’Souza, G.; Almgren, C.; Feinstein, A.; Marshall, A.; Golianu, B. Multidisciplinary Pain Management for Pediatric Patients with Acute and Chronic Pain: A Foundational Treatment Approach When Prescribing Opioids. Children 2019, 6, 33.
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