Life-Threatening Anemia and Thrombocytopenia in a Toddler with Influenza B: Case Report and Literature Review
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Case Report
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
aHUS | Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome |
AIHA | Autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
ALC | Absolute lymphocyte count |
AMC | Absolute monocyte count |
ANC | Absolute neutrophil count |
ARC | Absolute reticulocyte count |
COVID-19 | Coronavirus disease 2019 |
DAT | Direct antiglobulin test |
Hb | Hemoglobin |
HCT | Hematocrit |
HLH | Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis |
HUS | Hemolytic uremic syndrome |
IDA | Iron deficiency anemia |
ITP | Immune thrombocytopenic purpura |
IV | Intravenous |
MCH | Mean corpuscular hemoglobin |
MCHC | Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration |
MCV | Mean corpuscular volume |
PCH | Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria |
Plt | Platelet |
PLT | Platelet count |
RBC | Red blood cell |
RET % | Reticulocyte percentage |
SARS-CoV-2 | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
TMA | Thrombotic microangiopathy |
TTP | Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura |
WBC | White blood cell |
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Day | Clinical Findings | Interventions |
---|---|---|
1–3 | Fever (39.4 °C), dry cough, vomiting | Supportive care at home |
4 | Pallor, lethargy | RBC/platelet transfusions, oseltamivir |
5 | Afebrile | Corticosteroids, monitoring |
8 | No notable clinical findings | Discharged with outpatient follow-up |
Bloodwork | Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WBC (103 μL) | 5.66 | 8.2 | 9.49 | 11.27 | 10.93 | 8.5 | 7.72 |
ANC (103 μL) | 1.9 | 2.12 | 2.18 | 2.17 | 2.03 | 2.36 | 2.68 |
ALC (103 μL) | 3.47 | 5.4 | 6.53 | 7.07 | 6.89 | 5.6 | 4.66 |
AMC (103 μL) | 0.12 | 0.54 | 0.57 | 0.60 | 0.47 | 0.40 | 0.35 |
RBC (106 μL) | 2.16 | 2.80 | 3.85 | 3.60 | 4.36 | 4.95 | 4.81 |
Hb (g/dL) | 3.1 | 7.2 | 8 | 7.4 | 8.9 | 10.2 | 9.9 |
HCT % | 12.4 | 20.5 | 27.2 | 27.5 | 26.7 | 35.3 | 34.6 |
MCV (fL) | 55 | 69 | 70 | 72.5 | 69.2 | 71.2 | 71.9 |
MCH (pg) | 14.6 | 19.5 | 21.8 | 20.1 | 20 | 20.6 | 20.6 |
MCHC (g/dL) | 25.3 | 28.2 | 28.4 | 28.5 | 29 | 30.2 | 28.6 |
PLT (103 mL) | 15 | 48 | 78 | 89 | 110 | 153 | 176 |
ARC (106 μL) | 0.0146 | 0.2260 | |||||
RET % | 0.68 | 1.5 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 4.56 | 5.4 |
Hemolysis Marker | Tested | Result/Status |
---|---|---|
LDH | Yes | Normal (329 U/L) |
Total bilirubin | Yes | Normal (0.18) |
Direct bilirubin | Yes | 0.18 |
Indirect bilirubin | Yes | 0.01 |
Haptoglobin | Yes | Normal (60 mg/dL) |
RET % | Yes | 0.68% (inappropriately low for anemia) |
ARC | Yes | 0.0146 × 106/μL (low) |
Uric acid | Yes | Normal (2.2 mg/dL) |
Urine hemoglobin | Yes | Negative (no hemoglobinuria) |
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Profir, I.; Popescu, C.-M.; Moraru, I. Life-Threatening Anemia and Thrombocytopenia in a Toddler with Influenza B: Case Report and Literature Review. Children 2025, 12, 632. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050632
Profir I, Popescu C-M, Moraru I. Life-Threatening Anemia and Thrombocytopenia in a Toddler with Influenza B: Case Report and Literature Review. Children. 2025; 12(5):632. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050632
Chicago/Turabian StyleProfir, Irina, Cristina-Mihaela Popescu, and Iuliana Moraru. 2025. "Life-Threatening Anemia and Thrombocytopenia in a Toddler with Influenza B: Case Report and Literature Review" Children 12, no. 5: 632. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050632
APA StyleProfir, I., Popescu, C.-M., & Moraru, I. (2025). Life-Threatening Anemia and Thrombocytopenia in a Toddler with Influenza B: Case Report and Literature Review. Children, 12(5), 632. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050632