Cross-Bite and Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in Preadolescents Aged 11 to 14 Years Old: A Pilot Case-Control Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. OHRQoL Analysis
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Description of the Sample
3.2. Descriptive Analysis of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ-Esp11–14)
3.3. Comparison among Study Groups
3.4. Analysis of the Influence of Sex on OHRQoL
3.5. Analysis of the Influence of Age on OHRQoL
4. Discussion
4.1. Limitations
4.2. Recommendations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total Sample (n = 120) | Group | Chi-Square Test | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control (n = 40) | UPCB (n = 40) | BPCB (n = 40) | Statistical | p-Value | ||
Age | 2.17 ns | 0.904 | ||||
11 years old | 25.8% (n = 31) | 25.0% (n = 10) | 20.0% (n = 8) | 32.5% (n = 13) | ||
12 years old | 39.2% (n = 47) | 42.5% (n = 17) | 40.0% (n = 16) | 35.0% (n = 14) | ||
13 years old | 23.3% (n = 28) | 22.5% (n = 9) | 27.5% (n = 11) | 20.0% (n = 8) | ||
14 years | 11.7% (n = 14) | 10.0% (n = 4) | 12.5% (n = 5) | 12.5% (n = 5) | ||
Sex | 1.40 ns | 0.497 | ||||
Female | 50.0% (n = 60) | 45.0% (n = 18) | 47.5% (n = 19) | 57.5% (n = 23) | ||
Male | 50.0% (n = 60) | 55.0% (n = 22) | 52.5% (n = 21) | 42.5% (n = 17) |
Categories | Centrality | Variability | Form | Kolmogorov–Smirnov Test p-Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean [95% CI] | Medium | Range | Standard Deviation | Interquartile Range | Skewness | Kurtosis | ||
Oral symptoms | 1.30 (1.25–1.35) | 1.33 | 0.83/2.17 | ±0.29 | 0.33 | 0.97 | 0.50 | 0.000 |
Functional limitations | 1.33 (1.29–1.38) | 1.33 | 0.89/2.00 | ±0.24 | 0.33 | 0.62 | −0.09 | 0.000 |
Emotional wellbeing | 1.36 (1.32–1.40) | 1.33 | 0.89/2.00 | ±0.22 | 0.22 | 0.81 | 0.19 | 0.000 |
Social wellbeing | 1.25 (1.21–1.28) | 1.23 | 0.85/1.77 | ±0.19 | 0.15 | 0.56 | −0.14 | 0.000 |
Total score | 1.30 (1.27–1.34) | 1.22 | 0.97/1.73 | ±0.19 | 0.27 | 0.78 | −0.48 | 0 |
Categories | Mean (±Standard Deviation) | Kruskal–Wallis Test | Effect Size: R2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control (n = 40) | UPCB (n = 40) | BPCB (n = 40) | Statistical | p-Value | ||
Oral symptoms | 1.17 (±0.17) | 1.18 (±0.16) | 1.55 (±0.31) | 38.94 ** | 0.000 | 0.384 |
Functional limitation | 1.21 (±0.14) | 1.24 (±0.14) | 1.55 (±0.24) | 44.73 ** | 0.000 | 0.426 |
Emotional wellbeing | 1.22 (±0.09) | 1.27 (±0.14) | 1.59 (±0.21) | 59.60 ** | 0.000 | 0.529 |
Social wellbeing | 1.13 (±0.11) | 1.17 (±0.10) | 1.44 (±0.18) | 54.42 ** | 0.000 | 0.515 |
Total score | 1.18 (±0.08) | 1.21 (±0.09) | 1.52 (±0.17) | 63.46 ** | 0.000 | 0.629 |
Categories | Mean (±Standard Deviation) | Mann–Whitney U Test | Effect Size: R2 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Boys (n = 60) | Girls (n = 60) | Statistical | p-Value | ||
Oral symptoms | 1.24 (±0.26) | 1.36 (±0.30) | 2.37 * | 0.018 | 0.042 |
Functional limitations | 1.32 (±0.23) | 1.35 (±0.25) | 0.59 ns | 0.556 | 0.003 |
Emotional wellbeing | 1.35 (±0.22) | 1.37 (±0.23) | 0.42 ns | 0.675 | 0.003 |
Social wellbeing | 1.23 (±0.17) | 1.26 (±0.21) | 0.17 ns | 0.685 | 0.004 |
Total score | 1.28 (±0.18) | 1.32 (±0.21) | 0.92 ns | 0.355 | 0.011 |
Categories | Mean (±Standard Deviation) | Mann–Whitney U Test | Effect Size: R2 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
11–12 Years (n = 78) | 13–14 Years (n = 42) | Statistical | p-Value | ||
Oral symptoms | 1.31 (±0.29) | 1.27 (±0.28) | 1.07 ns | 0.286 | 0.007 |
Functional limitations | 1.32 (±0.22) | 1.35 (±0.26) | 0.14 ns | 0.891 | 0.002 |
Emotional wellbeing | 1.35 (±0.21) | 1.38 (±0.25) | 0.40 ns | 0.687 | 0.005 |
Social wellbeing | 1.24 (±0.19) | 1.26 (±0.20) | 0.48 ns | 0.632 | 0.004 |
Total score | 1.30 (±0.18) | 1.31 (±0.21) | 0.54 ns | 0.589 | 0.011 |
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Curto, A.; Albaladejo, A.; Alvarado-Lorenzo, A.; Zubizarreta-Macho, Á.; Curto, D. Cross-Bite and Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in Preadolescents Aged 11 to 14 Years Old: A Pilot Case-Control Study. Children 2023, 10, 1311. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10081311
Curto A, Albaladejo A, Alvarado-Lorenzo A, Zubizarreta-Macho Á, Curto D. Cross-Bite and Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in Preadolescents Aged 11 to 14 Years Old: A Pilot Case-Control Study. Children. 2023; 10(8):1311. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10081311
Chicago/Turabian StyleCurto, Adrián, Alberto Albaladejo, Alfonso Alvarado-Lorenzo, Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho, and Daniel Curto. 2023. "Cross-Bite and Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in Preadolescents Aged 11 to 14 Years Old: A Pilot Case-Control Study" Children 10, no. 8: 1311. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10081311