The Therapeutic Aspects of Embroidery in Art Therapy from the Perspective of Adolescent Girls in a Post-Hospitalization Boarding School
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Embroidery
1.2. Embroidery in Art Therapy
1.3. Mental Health Challenges Faced by Adolescent Girls: Understanding and Addressing the Issues
1.4. Out-of-Home Art Therapy That Addresses Mental Health Challenges in Adolescents
2. Method
2.1. The Research Approach
2.2. Participants
2.3. The Research Process
2.3.1. The Embroidery Session at the Open Studio Post-Hospitalization Boarding School
2.4. The YPAR Procedure
2.5. Data Analysis and Trustworthiness
3. Findings
3.1. The Dialectic between Control and Release/Freedom: Use of Patterns as Opposed to Freestyle Embroidery
“The liberty I took when working with the cat is a recent development. Two years ago, when I started embroidering in the hospital, it took a long time before I even agreed to try. At first, I mostly used patterns for my projects. Later, I began choosing patterns for inspiration and sometimes ventured to create my designs. Ultimately, I started doing what I wanted. It was a process to get to this level of liberty.”
“I believe there’s a significant difference between cross stitching and freestyle embroidery. When doing cross-stitching, there are clear instructions on where to insert the needle and how to pull the thread. It can be easier in some ways because you know what you’re supposed to do. In the hospital, kids follow examples in books or use fabric with printed cross-stitch patterns, which makes it easier because then there are clear guidelines. But freestyle embroidery is more open-ended and there’s no set pattern to follow. For example, when I was working on the tree leaves, there were colorful flowers on the tree and it was difficult to know where to put them. The art therapists didn’t provide clear instructions and that was discouraging.”
“Listen, menstruation is not something that is neat and organized, is it? So obviously the stitches there on the pad that she sewed are not neat and organized either.”
“You can express everything here {in the group-W.N}, like embroidering on a pad, on a floor rag […]. It was really cool, like it’s not something normal, so to speak. As if you can do with it (embroidery) what you want. We had this activity of making each a small square. I just scribbled on mine. And I also wrote the “meow” {A cat’s mew from a children’s TV show-W.N} upside down, oh my, it’s terrible. And it is, for example, very inaccurate. But I had fun doing it too, it was wild to do such a thing. It was the opposite of doing the correct thing, I just went with the flow. It’s wild like that and it was cool.”
3.2. Calming—Repetitive, Focusing Action
“It’s very relaxing. {embroidery-W.N} Both the repeated action and focusing on one thing for a long time is very relaxing, it’s pausing everything and lets one focus on one thing.”Participant 5 (interview)
“Physically, it’s something fun to touch and mess with, it’s soft and cozy, and it’s comforting, and its touch calms a lot of people… The “click” of the needle, the sound of the needle moving through the fabric, it relaxes me, like white noise, like the sound of a waterfall.”Participant 9 (interview)
“I get into the zone, I am with myself, maybe it’s kind of pausing for a moment, from the day for something that is relaxing, some kind of situation with yourself… and we sit in a circle around the table, and it’s, like, it kind of focuses the group because everyone gets into some kind of similar mood…There are distractions in today’s culture, lots and lots of external things that interfere with our ability to take a second, to stop for a moment.”Participant 1 {While embroidering-W.N}
3.3. Being Exceptional versus Conventional
“I love animals and the combination of snails on a flowery, glittery background seems weird, but in a good way. Weird—nice because it’s the glitter fabric. It’s fun for me that it doesn’t connect. As if there is this game between a very specific thread and a very specific substrate of mine. It’s like everywhere I’ve been I’ve been a “different thread” in a “different substrate”, sometimes it connected well, sometimes it looked cool and sometimes it didn’t.”
“It was a special group. There were, absolutely, girls who came here and they didn’t stop until they got something perfect, absolutely, it’s like that with a lot of people in general. But here it is something that preoccupies us, mainly because perhaps we come from a background that made us more sensitive. I think we are very, very sensitive girls. We exhibit more sensitivity than other people. The sensitivity is very noticeable. Because I pay attention to every very small detail, I am sensitive to everything. Every terribly small detail seems bigger to me than to other people. Like in embroidery.”
“Because embroidering is “odd,” it is also the thing that makes it more special. Because it is valued. For example, it is rarer and more unique to see a greeting card in a store with embroidery on it, compared to a greeting card with a drawing on it. People see boarding schools as something (negative) different and strange, because most of the boarding schools you hear about are for teenagers who were kicked out of the house. This boarding school framework is unconventional.”
3.4. Stitch through Time—A Dialogue with the Past, Present, and Future
“I think that the repetitive and sisyphean process of embroidery is similar to those things we do repetitively where we may not always feel like we are making progress even though we are. I again compare it to the soul like going to therapy say once a week and again and again and again. And in the end, step by step, each treatment is like a stitch, in the end there is progress. There is progress at the end.”
“Embroidery is an activity that belongs to a time from many years ago, women used to do it. I think it’s worthy of appreciation, that I’m 17 and I embroider, wow, nice, I want to see more 17-year-old girls embroider. I don’t think it’s something that is commonly done in our times, today. There is no 17 years old girl who suddenly wakes up in the morning and says “Wow, I want to embroider.”
“You know that you have an hour like that, and you know that it {the embroidery W.N} relaxes you, and it does you good, it is good to take this break in the day. It’s such a pause […] and then concentrating on one thing. Chasing after money… I’m talking about life that isn’t really related to the boarding school. I’m talking about life in general: The pressure, the school system, feeling busy, pressure, the responsibility on children, family. Sometimes you need to breathe. There are many people who need this break. Maybe that’s (embroidery) what helps you to calm down, that focuses you that allows you to be centered.”
“And now you’ve stopped for commercials, wait—we’ll immediately return to the podcast of “Nurit of the Future”, Nurit, when you’ll edit it and listen to it, good luck, good luck with your research in embroidery… I left you a message.”
3.5. The Overt-Latent Layers of Consciousness
“Here I think I looked behind to see knots that I think were really my biggest problem—the knots from behind. I wouldn’t have noticed, and it would have gotten completely complicated, and it was impossible to solve it because it’s a crazy knot. It’s like the thing in front, everything looks perfect and in order, but you don’t see the back, you don’t see what’s going on inside the person, and sometimes you don’t understand why it (the embroidery) isn’t finished. But (this is exactly the problem) there are ties behind, and you don’t see it. But over time I embroidered more slowly, I looked at the back more often, I just learned to look back and see that everything is fine from time to time.”
“You can really see and feel the parts where we got angry, and the parts where we were like “Oh man, no no” {imitating someone who is dissatisfied and making the group laugh W.N} […] On the one hand, you can see the beauty and the investment, and on the other hand, you can see the irritation and the frustration. It’s seeing what’s behind the scenes, let’s say that in an acrylic painting, it’s very hard to see because everything is in layers, and you can’t see the back.”
“This text talks about once I’ll be mentally stable then ‘watch out’ I’m going to be the best (Some day in the future). This statement is more with myself, most of the things I create are just me with myself, but here maybe because I’ve been becoming more stable recently, I see that I’m gaining self-confidence, and I’m more myself, so when I say such a statement in embroidery, I also direct it to the environment. “It’s all for you”, for society in general. it’s like ‘watch out’.”
“Embroidery is good as a gift because it is handmade.”Participant 8
“Because you can create a lot of things with it, and it’s very beautiful, and the fact that it’s handmade shows that someone made an effort and made something special for someone else.”Participant 10
“You can really see as if from the back too, you can see the process. In fact, […] You can see the effort. I think you can feel it. So that’s what makes it such a meaningful gift. On the one hand you can see the beauty and the investment, and on the other hand you can see the irritation (laughing) and the frustration.”Participant 11
“In an embroidery group there is more intimate conversation, maybe because the act of embroidery is repetitive, and you don’t have to think all the time, and maybe because we are just girls. Here I feel that it is possible to open up and say what wasn’t good today, who annoyed me and who didn’t, which instructor annoyed me, which kid annoyed me, or vice versa. […] In other groups, I won’t say things like that, unless I feel comfortable. Most of the times in the other groups they are more like straightforward, learning and all the classes there are, like, I’m also in social psychology, philosophy and photography and there it’s not like that, it’s not intimate. […] Here we also advise each other. And it happens a lot. Giving advice in personal life as well, someone says, let’s say something happened, and also regarding the works themselves, if I wondered whether to do one thing or another in the embroidery and the girls helped me and it was like I went with it.”
“In the dorms, I once shouted that I was in pain because of my period, and they told me it was not appropriate […] In the embroidery group I started embroidering because it (menstruation) hurt me, really hurt me. Other girls identified with it. I knew there was something beyond that. It’s not just me who suffers from my period and it’s not just me who will connect to that.
Through embroidery, I can convey that I am in pain and I have my period and I, it’s difficult and yes, it’s something more feminist and it’s okay to talk about it, about menstrual pain and menstruation in general also in such a way, through embroidery, that is delicate and feminine, precise and sketched and [made using] such delicate motor skills. It is also possible to be a feminist in this. It doesn’t have to be masculine and rude and blunt; it can be strong and blunt anyway.”
4. Discussion
5. Limitations and Conclusions
6. Practical Implications for Research and Clinical Work
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Theme | Bioecological Circle | Prevalence |
---|---|---|
Control versus release/freedom | Micro | Most of the Participants |
Meso | Most of the Participants | |
Macro | Most of the Participants | |
Calmness | Micro | Most of the Participants |
Meso | Half of the Participants | |
Macro | Half of the Participants | |
Exceptional vs. conventional | Micro | Most of the Participants |
Meso | Most of the Participants | |
Macro | Half of the Participants | |
Stitch through time | Micro | Most of the Participants |
Meso | Half of the Participants | |
Macro | Half of the Participants | |
Overt-latent | Micro | Half of the Participants |
Meso | Half of the Participants | |
Macro | Few of the Participants |
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Wolk, N.; Bat Or, M. The Therapeutic Aspects of Embroidery in Art Therapy from the Perspective of Adolescent Girls in a Post-Hospitalization Boarding School. Children 2023, 10, 1084. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10061084
Wolk N, Bat Or M. The Therapeutic Aspects of Embroidery in Art Therapy from the Perspective of Adolescent Girls in a Post-Hospitalization Boarding School. Children. 2023; 10(6):1084. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10061084
Chicago/Turabian StyleWolk, Nurit, and Michal Bat Or. 2023. "The Therapeutic Aspects of Embroidery in Art Therapy from the Perspective of Adolescent Girls in a Post-Hospitalization Boarding School" Children 10, no. 6: 1084. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10061084
APA StyleWolk, N., & Bat Or, M. (2023). The Therapeutic Aspects of Embroidery in Art Therapy from the Perspective of Adolescent Girls in a Post-Hospitalization Boarding School. Children, 10(6), 1084. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10061084