Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Extracellular Vesicle Inhibitors: Screening, Validation, and Combination with Remdesivir
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cell Culture
2.2. Virus
2.3. Compounds
2.4. In Vitro Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Assays
2.4.1. High-Content Imaging System for SARS-CoV-2 Nucleoprotein Detection
2.4.2. Virus Output Assay
2.5. Cell Viability Assay
2.6. Statistical and Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Screening of 17 EV Inhibitors for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity
3.2. Calpeptin Exerts the Dose-Dependent Antiviral Activity against SARS-CoV-2 Infection
3.3. Combination of Calpeptin and Remdesivir Increases Antiviral Activity against SARS-CoV-2
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
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Kongsomros, S.; Suksatu, A.; Kanjanasirirat, P.; Manopwisedjaroen, S.; Prasongtanakij, S.; Jearawuttanakul, K.; Borwornpinyo, S.; Hongeng, S.; Thitithanyanont, A.; Chutipongtanate, S. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Extracellular Vesicle Inhibitors: Screening, Validation, and Combination with Remdesivir. Biomedicines 2021, 9, 1230. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091230
Kongsomros S, Suksatu A, Kanjanasirirat P, Manopwisedjaroen S, Prasongtanakij S, Jearawuttanakul K, Borwornpinyo S, Hongeng S, Thitithanyanont A, Chutipongtanate S. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Extracellular Vesicle Inhibitors: Screening, Validation, and Combination with Remdesivir. Biomedicines. 2021; 9(9):1230. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091230
Chicago/Turabian StyleKongsomros, Supasek, Ampa Suksatu, Phongthon Kanjanasirirat, Suwimon Manopwisedjaroen, Somsak Prasongtanakij, Kedchin Jearawuttanakul, Suparerk Borwornpinyo, Suradej Hongeng, Arunee Thitithanyanont, and Somchai Chutipongtanate. 2021. "Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Extracellular Vesicle Inhibitors: Screening, Validation, and Combination with Remdesivir" Biomedicines 9, no. 9: 1230. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091230