Imaging Changes and Immune-Checkpoint Expression on T Cells in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Patients with Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Criteria for CT Imaging Changes
2.3. Flow Cytometry
2.4. Immunofluorescence
2.5. ELISA
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Characteristics
3.2. PD-1 Expression on CD4+ T Cells Was Higher in the Improved Group
3.3. TIM-3 Expression on CD4+ or CD8+ T Cells Was Higher in the Improved Group
3.4. TIGIT, LAG-3 and PD-L1 Expression on T Cells from Sarcoidosis Patients
3.5. T Cells in Lung Specimens of Patients with Sarcoidosis Express PD-1 or TIM-3
3.6. Correlation of HMGB1 Concentration with TIM-3+ T Cells
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Diagnosis | Sex | Scadding Stage | Extrapulmonary Disease | Systemic Steroid | Macrophages (%) | Neutrophils (%) | Lymphocytes (%) | Eosinophils (%) | CD4/CD8 Ratio | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
improved 1 | Histological | F | 2 | Skin, Muscle | No | 75.1 | 3.6 | 20.2 | 1.1 | 4.5 |
improved 2 | Histological | M | 2 | No | No | 82.4 | 1 | 16.2 | 0.4 | 19.5 |
improved 3 | Histological | F | 1 | Heart, Muscle | No | 49.3 | 0.2 | 50.1 | 0.4 | 9.6 |
improved 4 | Histological | M | 2 | Eyes | No | 80.3 | 0.3 | 19.3 | 0.1 | 4.8 |
improved 5 | Histological | F | 0 | Eyes, Skin | No | 52.7 | 0.3 | 46.9 | 0.1 | 7.3 |
improved 6 | Clinical | F | 1 | Eyes, Heart, Spleen | No | 43.7 | 0.7 | 55.3 | 0.3 | 5 |
unimproved 1 | Histological | F | 2 | Eyes, Nervous system | No | 55.4 | 0.9 | 43.3 | 0.4 | 11.9 |
unimproved 2 | Histological | F | 2 | Eyes | No | 90.7 | 0.2 | 9.1 | 0 | 9.7 |
unimproved 3 | Histological | F | 1 | Eyes, Parotid gland | No | 56.9 | 0.4 | 41.7 | 1.9 | 4.8 |
unimproved 4 | Histological | F | 2 | Eyes, Skin, Muscle | No | 41.8 | 2.8 | 54.1 | 1.3 | 1.6 |
unimproved 5 | Histological | F | 1 | Skin, Lymph nodes | No | 51.1 | 0.1 | 48.5 | 0.2 | 1.3 |
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Kotetsu, Y.; Yanagihara, T.; Suzuki, K.; Ando, H.; Eto, D.; Hata, K.; Arimura-Omori, M.; Yamamoto, Y.; Harada, E.; Hamada, N. Imaging Changes and Immune-Checkpoint Expression on T Cells in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Patients with Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Biomedicines 2021, 9, 1231. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091231
Kotetsu Y, Yanagihara T, Suzuki K, Ando H, Eto D, Hata K, Arimura-Omori M, Yamamoto Y, Harada E, Hamada N. Imaging Changes and Immune-Checkpoint Expression on T Cells in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Patients with Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Biomedicines. 2021; 9(9):1231. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091231
Chicago/Turabian StyleKotetsu, Yasuaki, Toyoshi Yanagihara, Kunihiro Suzuki, Hiroyuki Ando, Daisuke Eto, Kentaro Hata, Masako Arimura-Omori, Yuzo Yamamoto, Eiji Harada, and Naoki Hamada. 2021. "Imaging Changes and Immune-Checkpoint Expression on T Cells in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Patients with Pulmonary Sarcoidosis" Biomedicines 9, no. 9: 1231. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091231
APA StyleKotetsu, Y., Yanagihara, T., Suzuki, K., Ando, H., Eto, D., Hata, K., Arimura-Omori, M., Yamamoto, Y., Harada, E., & Hamada, N. (2021). Imaging Changes and Immune-Checkpoint Expression on T Cells in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Patients with Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Biomedicines, 9(9), 1231. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091231