Protective Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation against Ultraviolet-Induced Photoaging in Hairless Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals and Astaxanthin Source
2.2. Astaxanthin Treatment and Experimental Design
2.3. UV Irradiation
2.4. Wrinkle Measurement
2.5. Hematoxylin Eosin (H&E) Staining for Epidermal Thickness
2.6. Masson’s Trichrome Staining for Collagen Intensity
2.7. Assessment of ROS
2.8. Alkaline Phosphatase Staining
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Effects of AST on Wrinkle Formation in UV-Induced HR-1 Hairless Mice
3.2. Effect of AST on Epidermal Thickness in the Dorsal Skin of UV-Induced Mice
3.3. Effect of AST on the Density of Collagen Fibers in the Dorsal Skin of UV-Irradiated HR-1 Hairless Mice
3.4. Effect of AST on Changes in the Density of Capillary Vessels in the Dorsal Skin of UV-Induced Mice
3.5. Effect of AST on ROS Activity in the Dermis and Capillary Vessels in the Dorsal Skin of UV-Induced Mice
3.6. Correlation between the Density of Capillaries and Epidermal Thickness, Density of Collagen, and ROS Expression in the Dorsal Skin of UV-Induced Mice
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AST | Astaxantin |
UV | Ultraviolet |
ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
AP | Alkaline phosphatase |
MED | Minimal erythema dose |
H&E | Hematoxylin staining |
DHE | Fluorescent dihydroethidium |
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Li, X.; Matsumoto, T.; Takuwa, M.; Saeed Ebrahim Shaiku Ali, M.; Hirabashi, T.; Kondo, H.; Fujino, H. Protective Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation against Ultraviolet-Induced Photoaging in Hairless Mice. Biomedicines 2020, 8, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8020018
Li X, Matsumoto T, Takuwa M, Saeed Ebrahim Shaiku Ali M, Hirabashi T, Kondo H, Fujino H. Protective Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation against Ultraviolet-Induced Photoaging in Hairless Mice. Biomedicines. 2020; 8(2):18. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8020018
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Xing, Tomohiro Matsumoto, Miho Takuwa, Mahmood Saeed Ebrahim Shaiku Ali, Takumi Hirabashi, Hiroyo Kondo, and Hidemi Fujino. 2020. "Protective Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation against Ultraviolet-Induced Photoaging in Hairless Mice" Biomedicines 8, no. 2: 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8020018
APA StyleLi, X., Matsumoto, T., Takuwa, M., Saeed Ebrahim Shaiku Ali, M., Hirabashi, T., Kondo, H., & Fujino, H. (2020). Protective Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation against Ultraviolet-Induced Photoaging in Hairless Mice. Biomedicines, 8(2), 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8020018