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Biomedicines
Volume 13
Issue 6
10.3390/biomedicines13061296
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Technique and Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation of Biopsy-Proven 3–4 cm T1a Renal Cell Carcinoma

by
Mohamed E. Abdelsalam
1,*,
Ahmed Awad
1,
Roland L. Bassett
2,
Thomas Lu
1,
David Irwin
1,
Ketan Y. Shah
1,
Bruno C. Odisio
1,
Peiman Habibollahi
1,
Jose A. Karam
3,
Surena F. Matin
3 and
Kamran Ahrar
1
1
Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
2
Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
3
Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomedicines 2025, 13(6), 1296; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13061296 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 22 March 2025 / Revised: 12 May 2025 / Accepted: 17 May 2025 / Published: 24 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Renal Cell Carcinoma: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches (3rd Edition))
Versions Notes

Abstract

Objective: The American Urological Association recommends ablation as an alternative treatment option for T1a RCC smaller than 3 cm. Our objective is to describe our technique and evaluate the outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for biopsy-proven T1a RCC measuring 3–4 cm, compared to outcomes for tumors <3 cm. Materials and Methods: A single-center, retrospective review included patients with solitary, de novo, biopsy-proven T1a RCC who underwent RFA between January 2001 and December 2020. Using propensity score matching, patients with 3–4 cm lesions (Group A) were matched with patients with lesions less than 3 cm (Group B) based on the pathology, grade, duration of follow-up, another primary malignancy, age, and sex. Survival outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan and Meier product-limit estimator, and both groups were compared. Results: A total of 122 patients were included in the matched analyses. Eight patients were missing data on disease recurrence, leaving 114 patients with data on RFS and DFS (55 patients in Group A and 59 patients in Group B). The median tumor size in groups A and B was 3.3 cm and 2.2 cm, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the complication rate (p = 0.11) and local recurrence at the ablation site (p = 0.15). There was no statistically significant difference in overall survival (p= 0.93), recurrence-free survival (p= 0.45), or disease-free survival (p = 0.37). The metastasis-free survival and cancer-specific survival were 100% in both groups. Conclusions: RFA is a highly effective modality for the treatment of 3–4 cm T1a RCC, with long-term favorable oncologic and survival outcomes.
Keywords: technique; ablation; outcomes; survival rates technique; ablation; outcomes; survival rates

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MDPI and ACS Style

Abdelsalam, M.E.; Awad, A.; Bassett, R.L.; Lu, T.; Irwin, D.; Shah, K.Y.; Odisio, B.C.; Habibollahi, P.; Karam, J.A.; Matin, S.F.; et al. Technique and Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation of Biopsy-Proven 3–4 cm T1a Renal Cell Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2025, 13, 1296. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13061296

AMA Style

Abdelsalam ME, Awad A, Bassett RL, Lu T, Irwin D, Shah KY, Odisio BC, Habibollahi P, Karam JA, Matin SF, et al. Technique and Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation of Biopsy-Proven 3–4 cm T1a Renal Cell Carcinoma. Biomedicines. 2025; 13(6):1296. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13061296

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdelsalam, Mohamed E., Ahmed Awad, Roland L. Bassett, Thomas Lu, David Irwin, Ketan Y. Shah, Bruno C. Odisio, Peiman Habibollahi, Jose A. Karam, Surena F. Matin, and et al. 2025. "Technique and Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation of Biopsy-Proven 3–4 cm T1a Renal Cell Carcinoma" Biomedicines 13, no. 6: 1296. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13061296

APA Style

Abdelsalam, M. E., Awad, A., Bassett, R. L., Lu, T., Irwin, D., Shah, K. Y., Odisio, B. C., Habibollahi, P., Karam, J. A., Matin, S. F., & Ahrar, K. (2025). Technique and Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation of Biopsy-Proven 3–4 cm T1a Renal Cell Carcinoma. Biomedicines, 13(6), 1296. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13061296

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