Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors: A Thorough Literature Review
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Clinical Features
4. Tumor Markers
5. Histopathology and Embryogenesis
6. Genomic Features
7. Association with Other Diseases and Malignancies
8. Diagnosis and Pre-Treatment Evaluation
9. Treatment
10. Follow-Up and Survivorship
11. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Years | Number of Patients | 5-Year PFS (95% CI) | 5-Year OS (95% CI) | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IGCCCG | 1975–1990 | 832 | 41% (35 to 47) | 48% (42 to 54) | [9] |
Gillessen et al. (IGCCCG Update) | 1990–2013 | 2514 | 54% (52 to 56) | 67% (65 to 69) | [10] |
Adra et al. | 1990–2014 | 273 | 58% (51% to 63%) | 73% (67% to 78%) | [11] |
Seminoma | Immature Teratoma | Yolk Sac Tumor | Embryonal Carcinoma | Choriocarcinoma | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive Markers | SALL4 OCT 3–4 NANOG c-kit PLAP | SALL4 SOX2 Cytokeratins EMA | SALL4 Glypican-3 Cytokeratins AFP | SALL4 OCT 3–4 CD30 SOX2 Cytokeratins NANOG | HCG Cytokeratins Glypican-3 SALL4 EMA |
Negative Markers | CD30 Glypican-3 SOX2 | OCT 3–4 CD30 c-kit NANOG SOX2 | CD30 c-kit SOX2 NANOG OCT 3–4 | c-kit Glypican-3 | OCT 3–4 c-kit CD30 SOX2 NANOG |
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Ozgun, G.; Nappi, L. Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors: A Thorough Literature Review. Biomedicines 2023, 11, 487. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020487
Ozgun G, Nappi L. Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors: A Thorough Literature Review. Biomedicines. 2023; 11(2):487. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020487
Chicago/Turabian StyleOzgun, Guliz, and Lucia Nappi. 2023. "Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors: A Thorough Literature Review" Biomedicines 11, no. 2: 487. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020487
APA StyleOzgun, G., & Nappi, L. (2023). Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors: A Thorough Literature Review. Biomedicines, 11(2), 487. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020487