Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Functional Recovery and Circulating miR-375 and miR-382-5p after Subacute and Chronic Spinal Cord Contusion Injury in Rats

Ashmwe, Mohamed; Posa, Katja; Rührnößl, Alexander; Heinzel, Johannes Christoph; Heimel, Patrick; Mock, Michael; Schädl, Barbara; Keibl, Claudia; Couillard-Despres, Sebastien; Redl, Heinz; Mittermayr, Rainer; Hercher, David

doi:10.3390/biomedicines10071630

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Functional Recovery and Circulating miR-375 and miR-382-5p after Subacute and Chronic Spinal Cord Contusion Injury in Rats

by

Mohamed Ashmwe

^1,2,†,

Katja Posa

^1,2,†,

Alexander Rührnößl

^1,2,

Johannes Christoph Heinzel

³,

Patrick Heimel

^1,2,4

,

Michael Mock

^1,2,

Barbara Schädl

^1,2,5

,

Claudia Keibl

^1,2,

Sebastien Couillard-Despres

^2,5

,

Heinz Redl

^1,2,

Rainer Mittermayr

^1,2

and

David Hercher

^1,2,6,*

¹

The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, 1200 Vienna, Austria

²

Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria

³

Department of Hand, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, University of Tuebingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany

⁴

Core Facility Morphology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria

⁵

Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Centre Salzburg (SCI-TreCS), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria

⁶

Department Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, 1200 Vienna, Austria

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Biomedicines 2022, 10(7), 1630; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071630

Submission received: 15 June 2022 / Revised: 28 June 2022 / Accepted: 2 July 2022 / Published: 7 July 2022

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Translational Research in Shock Wave Medicine)

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Abstract

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) can stimulate processes to promote regeneration, including cell proliferation and modulation of inflammation. Specific miRNA expression panels have been established to define correlations with regulatory targets within these pathways. This study aims to investigate the influence of low-energy ESWT—applied within the subacute and chronic phase of SCI (spinal cord injury) on recovery in a rat spinal cord contusion model. Outcomes were evaluated by gait analysis, µCT and histological analysis of spinal cords. A panel of serum-derived miRNAs after SCI and after ESWT was investigated to identify injury-, regeneration- and treatment-associated expression patterns. Rats receiving ESWT showed significant improvement in motor function in both a subacute and a chronic experimental setting. This effect was not reflected in changes in morphology, µCT-parameters or histological markers after ESWT. Expression analysis of various miRNAs, however, revealed changes after SCI and ESWT, with increased miR-375, indicating a neuroprotective effect, and decreased miR-382-5p potentially improving neuroplasticity via its regulatory involvement with BDNF. We were able to demonstrate a functional improvement of ESWT-treated animals after SCI in a subacute and chronic setting. Furthermore, the identification of miR-375 and miR-382-5p could potentially provide new targets for therapeutic intervention in future studies.

Keywords: spinal cord injury; neuroregeneration; extracorporeal shockwave therapy; microRNAs; contusion injury; motor function

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ashmwe, M.; Posa, K.; Rührnößl, A.; Heinzel, J.C.; Heimel, P.; Mock, M.; Schädl, B.; Keibl, C.; Couillard-Despres, S.; Redl, H.; et al. Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Functional Recovery and Circulating miR-375 and miR-382-5p after Subacute and Chronic Spinal Cord Contusion Injury in Rats. Biomedicines 2022, 10, 1630. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071630

AMA Style

Ashmwe M, Posa K, Rührnößl A, Heinzel JC, Heimel P, Mock M, Schädl B, Keibl C, Couillard-Despres S, Redl H, et al. Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Functional Recovery and Circulating miR-375 and miR-382-5p after Subacute and Chronic Spinal Cord Contusion Injury in Rats. Biomedicines. 2022; 10(7):1630. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071630

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ashmwe, Mohamed, Katja Posa, Alexander Rührnößl, Johannes Christoph Heinzel, Patrick Heimel, Michael Mock, Barbara Schädl, Claudia Keibl, Sebastien Couillard-Despres, Heinz Redl, and et al. 2022. "Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Functional Recovery and Circulating miR-375 and miR-382-5p after Subacute and Chronic Spinal Cord Contusion Injury in Rats" Biomedicines 10, no. 7: 1630. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071630

APA Style

Ashmwe, M., Posa, K., Rührnößl, A., Heinzel, J. C., Heimel, P., Mock, M., Schädl, B., Keibl, C., Couillard-Despres, S., Redl, H., Mittermayr, R., & Hercher, D. (2022). Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Functional Recovery and Circulating miR-375 and miR-382-5p after Subacute and Chronic Spinal Cord Contusion Injury in Rats. Biomedicines, 10(7), 1630. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071630

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Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Functional Recovery and Circulating miR-375 and miR-382-5p after Subacute and Chronic Spinal Cord Contusion Injury in Rats

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