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Article

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Diabetic Retinopathy among Primary Care Physicians of Saudi Arabia: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

by
Ashokkumar Thirunavukkarasu
1,*,
Abdulmohsen Khaled Almulhim
2,
Faisal Ahmed Albalawi
3,
Ziyad Muharib Alruwaili
3,
Ola Ali Almajed
3,
Sultan Hamoud Alruwaili
3,
Malek Mohammed Almugharriq
3,
Abdulaziz Saud Alruwaili
3 and
Malak Khalid Alkuwaykibi
4
1
Department of Community and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
3
College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
4
Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Healthcare 2021, 9(12), 1697; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121697
Submission received: 8 November 2021 / Revised: 6 December 2021 / Accepted: 7 December 2021 / Published: 8 December 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Family Medicine: Opportunities and Challenges for Primary Healthcare)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Primary care physicians play a vital role in preventing the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) from the initial stages to the late stages. This questionnaire-based analytical cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the knowledge, attitude, practices, and their correlation among 274 randomly selected primary care physicians in Saudi Arabia. Among the studied population, high knowledge, attitudes, and practice scores were observed in 21.5%, 15%, and 29.2% of the physicians, respectively. The mean knowledge score was significantly higher among the age group of less than 30 years (p = 0.031) and the female gender (p = 0.012). The attitude scores were significantly higher among the Saudi physicians (p = 0.027) and those with PHC work experience of less than five years (p < 0.001). Regarding the practices, a significant association was found among the age group of less than 30 years (p = 0.019) and Saudi physicians (p = 0.003). There was a significant positive correlation between knowledge (correlation coefficient (r) = 0.739, p < 0.001) and attitude (r = 0.479, p = 0.007) with the practice scores. It is recommended that targeted continuous medical education, workshops, and seminars are conducted on the prevention and care of DR among primary care physicians. Furthermore, an exploratory multicenter study that involves primary care physicians belonging to all ministries and private sectors is warranted.
Keywords: diabetic retinopathy; knowledge; attitude; practices; primary care diabetic retinopathy; knowledge; attitude; practices; primary care

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Thirunavukkarasu, A.; Almulhim, A.K.; Albalawi, F.A.; Alruwaili, Z.M.; Almajed, O.A.; Alruwaili, S.H.; Almugharriq, M.M.; Alruwaili, A.S.; Alkuwaykibi, M.K. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Diabetic Retinopathy among Primary Care Physicians of Saudi Arabia: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare 2021, 9, 1697. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121697

AMA Style

Thirunavukkarasu A, Almulhim AK, Albalawi FA, Alruwaili ZM, Almajed OA, Alruwaili SH, Almugharriq MM, Alruwaili AS, Alkuwaykibi MK. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Diabetic Retinopathy among Primary Care Physicians of Saudi Arabia: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare. 2021; 9(12):1697. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121697

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thirunavukkarasu, Ashokkumar, Abdulmohsen Khaled Almulhim, Faisal Ahmed Albalawi, Ziyad Muharib Alruwaili, Ola Ali Almajed, Sultan Hamoud Alruwaili, Malek Mohammed Almugharriq, Abdulaziz Saud Alruwaili, and Malak Khalid Alkuwaykibi. 2021. "Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Diabetic Retinopathy among Primary Care Physicians of Saudi Arabia: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study" Healthcare 9, no. 12: 1697. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121697

APA Style

Thirunavukkarasu, A., Almulhim, A. K., Albalawi, F. A., Alruwaili, Z. M., Almajed, O. A., Alruwaili, S. H., Almugharriq, M. M., Alruwaili, A. S., & Alkuwaykibi, M. K. (2021). Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Diabetic Retinopathy among Primary Care Physicians of Saudi Arabia: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare, 9(12), 1697. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121697

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