Randomized Single-Case Experimental Designs in Healthcare Research: What, Why, and How?
Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Methodology of Educational Sciences Research Group, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Healthcare 2019, 7(4), 143; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7040143
Received: 29 August 2019 / Revised: 26 September 2019 / Accepted: 7 November 2019 / Published: 13 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue N-of-1 Trials in Healthcare)
Health problems are often idiosyncratic in nature and therefore require individualized diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, we show how single-case experimental designs (SCEDs) can meet the requirement to find and evaluate individually tailored treatments. We give a basic introduction to the methodology of SCEDs and provide an overview of the available design options. For each design, we show how an element of randomization can be incorporated to increase the internal and statistical conclusion validity and how the obtained data can be analyzed using visual tools, effect size measures, and randomization inference. We illustrate each design and data analysis technique using applied data sets from the healthcare literature.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Tanious, R.; Onghena, P. Randomized Single-Case Experimental Designs in Healthcare Research: What, Why, and How? Healthcare 2019, 7, 143. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7040143
AMA Style
Tanious R, Onghena P. Randomized Single-Case Experimental Designs in Healthcare Research: What, Why, and How? Healthcare. 2019; 7(4):143. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7040143
Chicago/Turabian StyleTanious, René; Onghena, Patrick. 2019. "Randomized Single-Case Experimental Designs in Healthcare Research: What, Why, and How?" Healthcare 7, no. 4: 143. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7040143
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